A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following laboratory findings indicates the client has maintained control of his blood glucose levels for the past 3 months?

HbA1c 6.5%

HbA1c 12.5%

Fasting blood glucose 100 mg/dL

Fasting blood glucose 70 mg/dL

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: HbA1c or glycated hemoglobin is a measure of average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months. A lower HbA1c indicates better glycemic control and a lower risk of diabetes complications. The target HbA1c for most people with diabetes mellitus is less than 7%.

Choice B reason: HbA1c 12.5% is very high and indicates poor glycemic control and a high risk of diabetes complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, or neuropathy.

Choice C reason: Fasting blood glucose 100 mg/dL is within the normal range of 70 to 99 mg/dL and indicates normal glucose metabolism, but it does not reflect the long-term control of blood glucose levels over the past 3 months.

Choice D reason: Fasting blood glucose 70 mg/dL is at the lower end of the normal range and may indicate hypoglycemia or low blood glucose levels, which can cause symptoms such as sweating, trembling, hunger, or confusion.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A: This is incorrect. The client having difficulty reading large print indicates a need for an ophthalmology referral, not an occupational therapy referral. An ophthalmologist can assess and treat vision problems caused by stroke.

Choice B: This is incorrect. The client coughing while drinking from a straw indicates a need for a speech therapy referral, not an occupational therapy referral. A speech therapist can assess and treat swallowing problems caused by stroke.

Choice C: This is incorrect. The client being unable to bear her full weight while walking indicates a need for a physical therapy referral, not an occupational therapy referral. A physical therapist can assess and treat mobility problems caused by stroke.

Choice D: This is correct. The client becoming exhausted while brushing her teeth indicates a need for an occupational therapy referral. An occupational therapist can assess and treat functional problems caused by stroke, such as fatigue, self-care, cognition, and leisure activities.

A. Weight loss B. Fatigue C. Dysuria D. Elevated temperature

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A: This is incorrect because weight loss is not the highest priority finding for the nurse to report to the provider. Weight loss can be a common symptom of leukemia due to decreased appetite, increased metabolism, or malabsorption.

Choice B: This is incorrect because fatigue is not the highest priority finding for the nurse to report to the provider. Fatigue can be a common symptom of leukemia due to anemia, infection, or poor nutrition.

Choice C: This is incorrect because dysuria is not the highest priority finding for the nurse to report to the provider. Dysuria can indicate a urinary tract infection, which can be treated with antibiotics and fluids.

Choice D: This is correct because elevated temperature is the highest priority finding for the nurse to report to the provider. Elevated temperature can indicate a serious infection, which can be life-threatening for a client who has leukemia and a compromised immune system.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following laboratory findings indicates the client has maintained control of his blood glucose levels for the past 3 months?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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