A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following laboratory findings indicates the client has maintained control of his blood glucose levels for the past 3 months?

HbA1c 6.5%

HbA1c 12.5%

Fasting blood glucose 100 mg/dL

Fasting blood glucose 70 mg/dL

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: HbA1c or glycated hemoglobin is a measure of average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months. A lower HbA1c indicates better glycemic control and a lower risk of diabetes complications. The target HbA1c for most people with diabetes mellitus is less than 7%.

Choice B reason: HbA1c 12.5% is very high and indicates poor glycemic control and a high risk of diabetes complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, or neuropathy.

Choice C reason: Fasting blood glucose 100 mg/dL is within the normal range of 70 to 99 mg/dL and indicates normal glucose metabolism, but it does not reflect the long-term control of blood glucose levels over the past 3 months.

Choice D reason: Fasting blood glucose 70 mg/dL is at the lower end of the normal range and may indicate hypoglycemia or low blood glucose levels, which can cause symptoms such as sweating, trembling, hunger, or confusion.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A: This is incorrect because Sims position is used for clients who have lower back pain, abdominal surgery, or enemas. It is not appropriate for clients who have a closed head injury.

Choice B: This is incorrect because modified Trendelenburg position is used for clients who have hypovolemic shock or poor venous return. It is not appropriate for clients who have a closed head injury.

Choice C: This is correct because semi-Fowler's position is used for clients who have increased intracranial pressure, respiratory distress, or head trauma. It elevates the head and chest to reduce cerebral edema and facilitate breathing.

Choice D: This is incorrect because prone position is used for clients who have acute respiratory distress syndrome, spinal cord injury, or pressure ulcers. It is not appropriate for clients who have a closed head injury.

A. Difficulty swallowing B. Petechial rash on the abdomen C. Hypertension D. Bilateral tinnitus

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Difficulty swallowing is a sign of anaphylaxis, which is a severe allergic reaction that can cause swelling of the throat and tongue, leading to airway obstruction and respiratory distress.

Choice B reason: Petechial rash on the abdomen is not a sign of anaphylaxis, but rather a sign of thrombocytopenia, which is a low platelet count that can cause bleeding under the skin.

Choice C reason: Hypertension is not a sign of anaphylaxis, but rather a sign of high blood pressure, which can be caused by various factors such as stress, pain, or kidney disease.

Choice D reason: Bilateral tinnitus is not a sign of anaphylaxis, but rather a sign of hearing loss or damage, which can be caused by exposure to loud noise, ear infection, or medication side effects.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following laboratory findings indicates the client has maintained control of his blood glucose levels for the past 3 months?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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