A nurse is assisting with care for a client who received a tuberculin skin test 72 hr ago. When collecting data from the test site, which of the following findings indicates a need for further testing?

Nonpalpable area of redness, less than 5 mm (0.2 in) in diameter

Area of ecchymosis, greater than 12 mm (0.5 in) in diameter

Tenderness at the injection site

Palpable area of induration, greater than 10 mm (0.4 in) in diameter

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Palpable area of induration, greater than 10 mm (0.4 in) in diameter. This indicates a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) reaction for a person with no known risk factors for TB infection. A positive TST reaction means that the person has been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes TB disease, and needs further testing to confirm the diagnosis and rule out active TB disease.

The other choices are not correct because:

- Choice A. Nonpalpable area of redness, less than 5 mm (0.2 in) in diameter. This indicates a negative TST reaction for any person, regardless of their risk factors for TB infection. A negative TST reaction means that the person has not been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis or has a very low level of immune response to the bacterium.

- Choice B. Area of ecchymosis, greater than 12 mm (0.5 in) in diameter. This indicates a bruise or bleeding under the skin, not a TST reaction. Ecchymosis is not caused by the injection of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) into the skin, but by trauma or injury to the blood vessels.

- Choice C. Tenderness at the injection site. This indicates a mild local reaction to the injection of tuberculin PPD into the skin, not a TST reaction. Tenderness is not measured in millimeters of induration (firm swelling), which is the standard way of reading TST results.

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Monitor for at least 150 mL of drainage every hour. The nurse should monitor the chest tube drainage for excessive or sudden increases in order to detect any complications, such as pneumothorax. Clamping the tube for 30 minutes every 8 hours is not standard practice and can cause complications. Pinning the tubing to the client's bed sheets can cause traction on the chest tube and should be avoided. The chest tube unit should only be replaced when there is a problem with the unit or the seals.

Choice B: Clamping the tube for 30 minutes every 8 hours is not standard practice and can cause complications.

Choice C: Pinning the tubing to the client's bed sheets can cause traction on the chest tube and should be avoided.

Choice D: The chest tube unit should only be replaced when there is a problem with the unit or the seals.

A. Obtain a set of vital signs. B. Flex the client's knees and hips. C. Apply a moist saline dressing to the area. D. Elevate the head of the client's bed 20°.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is c. Apply a moist saline dressing to the area.

Choice A reason: Obtaining a set of vital signs is important, but it is not the immediate priority in this situation. The vital signs will not address the protruding organs directly.

Choice B reason: Flexing the client’s knees and hips may provide comfort but does not directly address the issue of the open incision and protruding organs.

Choice C reason: Applying a moist saline dressing to the area is the correct action. It helps to protect the protruding organs by keeping them moist and reduces the risk of organ damage or infection. This is the priority action to keep the organs moist and reduce the risk of tissue damage until surgical repair can be done.

Choice D reason: Elevating the head of the client’s bed 20° may be part of the overall care plan, but it is not the immediate priority when dealing with protruding organs from an open abdominal incision.

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A nurse is assisting with care for a client who received a tuberculin skin test 72 hr ago. When collecting data from the test site, which of the following findings indicates a need for further testing?

Nursing Test Bank

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