A nurse is reviewing the ABG values of a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following findings indicates the client is developing respiratory acidosis?
PaO2 85 mmHg
pH 7.47
HCO3 25 mEq/L
PaCO2 55 mmHg
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: PaO2 85 mmHg is within the normal range of 80 to 100 mmHg and does not indicate any hypoxemia or oxygen deficiency.
Choice B reason: pH 7.47 is within the normal range of 7.35 to 7.45 and does not indicate any acid-base imbalance.
Choice C reason: HCO3 25 mEq/L is within the normal range of 22 to 26 mEq/L and does not indicate any metabolic disturbance.
Choice D reason: PaCO2 55 mmHg is above the normal range of 35 to 45 mmHg and indicates respiratory acidosis, which is a condition where the lungs cannot eliminate enough carbon dioxide and the blood becomes too acidic. This can be caused by pneumonia, which can impair gas exchange and ventilation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic drug that relaxes the muscles of the bladder and reduces spasms, urgency, and frequency of urination. It is used to treat overactive bladder and urinary incontinence.
Choice B reason: Oxybutynin does not increase tissue perfusion in the lungs, as it has no effect on the respiratory system. It can actually cause dry mouth, nasal congestion, and blurred vision as side effects.
Choice C reason: Oxybutynin does not increase venous return to the heart, as it has no effect on the cardiovascular system. It can actually cause tachycardia, palpitations, and hypertension as side effects.
Choice D reason: Oxybutynin does not relax the muscles of the colon, as it has no effect on the gastrointestinal system. It can actually cause constipation, nausea, and abdominal pain as side effects.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Shaving the client from axillae to groin is not necessary, as it has no relation to the procedure and can cause skin irritation or infection.
Choice B reason: Administering a cleansing enema is not required, as it does not affect the upper gastrointestinal tract that is examined by the procedure. The client should fast for at least 6 hours before the procedure to ensure an empty stomach.
Choice C reason: Having the client drink contrast medium is not indicated, as it can interfere with the visualization of the mucosa and lesions by the endoscope. The client may receive a local anesthetic spray or gargle to numb the throat and a sedative to relax and reduce discomfort during the procedure.
Choice D reason: Ensuring the signed consent is in the medical record is an essential action, as it indicates that the client has been informed about the purpose, risks, benefits, and alternatives of the procedure and has agreed to undergo it voluntarily.
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