A nurse is reinforcing teaching about breast health with a client who has a family history of breast cancer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Complete breast self-examinations one week prior to menstruation.

Expect clear discharge from the nipples.

Consume a diet high in antioxidants.

Include meats grilled over high heat in the diet.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

The correct answer is C. Consume a diet high in antioxidants.

Choice A: Complete breast self-examinations one week prior to menstruation.

Performing breast self-examinations one week prior to menstruation is not recommended. The best time to perform a breast self-exam is about 3 to 5 days after your period starts, when your breasts are least likely to be tender or swollen. This timing helps in detecting any unusual changes more accurately.

Choice B: Expect clear discharge from the nipples.

While some nipple discharge can be normal, it is not something that should be expected as a routine part of breast health. Clear, yellow, or white discharge can occur due to hormonal changes, but any spontaneous discharge, especially if it is bloody or from one breast, should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.

Choice C: Consume a diet high in antioxidants.

Consuming a diet high in antioxidants is beneficial for overall health and may help reduce the risk of various diseases, including cancer. Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals, which can damage cells and contribute to cancer development. Foods rich in antioxidants include fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole grains.

Choice D: Include meats grilled over high heat in the diet.

Including meats grilled over high heat in the diet is not advisable for someone concerned about cancer risk. Grilling meats at high temperatures can produce carcinogens such as heterocyclic amines (HCAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which have been linked to an increased risk of cancer. Therefore, it is better to avoid or limit the consumption of grilled meats.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Ammonia 55 mg/dL is within the normal range of 15 to 60 mg/dL and does not indicate any liver dysfunction or bleeding risk.

Choice B reason: Bilirubin 1.0 mg/dL is within the normal range of 0.3 to 1.2 mg/dL and does not indicate any liver damage or jaundice.

Choice C reason: Aspartate aminotransferase 34 units/L is within the normal range of 10 to 40 units/L and does not indicate any liver inflammation or injury.

Choice D reason: Platelets 60,000/mm³ is below the normal range of 150,000 to 450,000/mm³ and indicates thrombocytopenia, which is a low platelet count that can increase the risk of bleeding during or after the liver biopsy. The nurse should report this value to the provider and monitor the client for signs of bleeding, such as bruising, petechiae, hematuria, or melena.

A. Apply petroleum jelly to the client's nares. B. Initiate fall precautions. C. Maintain the client in a supine position. D. Implement contact precautions.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A: This is incorrect because applying petroleum jelly to the client's nares can interfere with oxygen delivery and cause skin breakdown. The nurse should use water-soluble lubricant or saline spray to moisten the nares and prevent dryness from oxygen therapy.

Choice B: This is correct because initiating fall precautions can prevent injury and complications for the client who has aspirated pneumonia and hypoxia. The client may have altered mental status, weakness, or dizziness due to hypoxia, infection, or medications. The nurse should use bed alarms, side rails, and assistive devices as needed.

Choice C: This is incorrect because maintaining the client in a supine position can worsen hypoxia and pneumonia by decreasing lung expansion and increasing secretions. The nurse should elevate the head of the bed at least 30 degrees and encourage frequent position changes to improve ventilation and drainage.

Choice D: This is incorrect because implementing contact precautions is not indicated for the client who has aspirated pneumonia and hypoxia. Aspirated pneumonia is caused by inhalation of foreign material into the lungs, not by transmission of microorganisms from person to person. The nurse should use standard precautions and droplet precautions if the client has a cough or sputum production.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching about breast health with a client who has a family history of breast cancer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who is scheduled for a liver biopsy. Which of the following values should the nurse report to the provider?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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