A nurse has received change-of-shift report on four assigned clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse intervene to prevent a potential food and medication interaction?

A client who is receiving verapamil and has a continuous infusion of total parenteral nutrition (TPN)

A client who is taking phenytoin and is requesting a milkshake

A client who is receiving a diet high in potassium-rich foods and furosemide by mouth

A client who is receiving an MAOI and is requesting a cheeseburger for dinner

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. This choice is incorrect because verapamil and TPN do not have a significant food and medication interaction. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that can lower blood pressure and heart rate, while TPN is a form of intravenous nutrition that provides calories, electrolytes, vitamins, and minerals. The nurse should monitor the client's vital signs and blood glucose levels, but there is no need to intervene to prevent an interaction.

B. This choice is incorrect because phenytoin and milkshakes do not have a significant food and medication interaction. Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant that can decrease the absorption of some vitamins, such as folic acid and vitamin D, but milkshakes are not a major source of these nutrients. The nurse should encourage the client to eat a balanced diet and take supplements as prescribed, but there is no need to intervene to prevent an interaction.

C. This choice is incorrect because potassium-rich foods and furosemide do not have a significant food and medication interaction. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, but potassium-rich foods can help prevent this complication. The nurse should monitor the client's electrolyte levels and fluid balance, but there is no need to intervene to prevent an interaction.

D. This choice is correct because MAOIs and cheeseburgers have a significant food and medication interaction. MAOIs are antidepressants that can cause hypertensive crisis, or dangerously high blood pressure, if the client consumes foods that contain tyramine, such as aged cheeses, cured meats, fermented foods, and beer. The nurse should intervene to prevent the client from eating a cheeseburger and educate the client about avoiding tyramine-containing foods while taking MAOIs.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Arching should not be expected. Arching of the body is not a typical manifestation of bacterial pneumonia. It may be seen in infants with certain conditions such as abdominal pain or neurologic issues, but it is not specific to pneumonia.

Choice B reason:

Drooling should not be expected. Drooling is not a common manifestation of bacterial pneumonia. It may be seen in certain conditions affecting the throat or mouth, but it is not directly related to pneumonia.

Choice C reason:

Fever is the correct answer. Bacterial pneumonia is an infection in the lungs caused by bacteria. When a child has bacterial pneumonia, their body's immune system responds to the infection, leading to inflammation and fever.

Choice D reason:

Steatorrhea should not be expected. Steatorrhea refers to fatty, bulky, and foul-smelling stools and is not associated with bacterial pneumonia. Steatorrhea may be seen in conditions affecting the gastrointestinal system and fat absorption.

Choice E reason:

Tinnitus should not be expected. Tinnitus is the perception of noise or ringing in the ears and is not a typical manifestation of bacterial pneumonia. Tinnitus can be associated with various ear-related conditions or medication side effects, but it is not directly related to pneumonia.

A. Instruct the client about the importance of regular medical appointments. B. Encourage the client to participate in daily exercise. C. Explain proper foot care techniques to the client. D. Ensure that the client understands the medication regimen.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Instructing the client about the importance of regular medical appointments is important, but not the priority. The nurse should first ensure that the client knows how to manage their blood glucose levels and administer insulin at home.

B. Encouraging the client to participate in daily exercise is beneficial, but not the priority. The nurse should first ensure that the client knows how to monitor their blood glucose levels and adjust their insulin dose accordingly.

C. Explaining proper foot care techniques to the client is essential, but not the priority. The nurse should first ensure that the client knows how to prevent and treat hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, which can have serious complications.

D. Ensuring that the client understands the medication regimen is the priority. The nurse should teach the client about the types, actions, doses, and administration times of insulin, as well as how to store and dispose of it safely.

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A nurse has received change-of-shift report on four assigned clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse intervene to prevent a potential food and medication interaction?

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