A nurse assesses an older adult client who lives alone and is unable to drive a vehicle. Which of the following assessment areas of the nutritional history will most likely impact the client's nutritional status?

Accessibility

Food preparation

Food preferences

Finances

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Accessibility:

Accessibility refers to the client's ability to obtain food, which is crucial for nutritional status, especially for someone who lives alone and cannot drive. Difficulty in accessing grocery stores or markets can limit the variety and availability of nutritious food options, potentially leading to poor nutritional intake.

B) Food preparation:

Food preparation skills are important, but if the client has difficulty accessing food in the first place (due to transportation limitations), their ability to prepare meals becomes secondary. Accessibility to food sources is a more immediate concern for nutritional status.

C) Food preferences:

While food preferences can influence dietary choices, the ability to access food is a more fundamental issue that directly impacts nutritional intake, especially for someone who lives alone and has limited mobility.

D) Finances:

Financial constraints can certainly affect food choices and access to nutritious options. However, in this scenario, the primary concern is the physical accessibility to food sources, which directly impacts the client's ability to maintain adequate nutrition.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) At the angle of the mandible:

Lymph nodes located at the angle of the mandible are the submandibular lymph nodes, not the occipital lymph nodes. These nodes are situated below the jawline and are assessed when looking for infections or abnormalities in the oral cavity and throat.

B) Temporal area:

The temporal area is not a typical location for lymph node palpation. This region is primarily related to the temporal artery and muscles, not to lymph nodes. Thus, palpating for lymph nodes here would not be relevant.

C) The posterior base of the skull:

The occipital lymph nodes are located at the posterior base of the skull, near the nape of the neck. These nodes drain the scalp and are assessed when there are scalp infections or other related conditions.

D) Area in front of the ears:

The lymph nodes in front of the ears are the preauricular lymph nodes. These nodes drain the eyes and the surrounding skin. They are not the occipital lymph nodes, which are situated at the back of the head.

A. "Your metabolism is slowing down." B. "You should be exercising for longer periods of time." C. "You could be making healthier food choices." D. "You are retaining fluid."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

(a) "Your metabolism is slowing down.":

Hypothyroidism leads to a decrease in the production of thyroid hormones, which are critical in regulating metabolism. With lower levels of these hormones, the body's metabolic rate decreases, resulting in reduced calorie burning and subsequent weight gain. This explanation directly addresses the underlying cause of weight gain in hypothyroidism.

(b) "You should be exercising for longer periods of time.":

While exercise is beneficial for overall health and can help manage weight, it does not directly address the reason for weight gain in hypothyroidism. The primary issue is the slowed metabolism due to thyroid hormone deficiency, not a lack of exercise.

Although diet plays a role in weight management, this response does not explain the root cause of weight gain in hypothyroidism. The condition itself slows metabolism, leading to weight gain even if dietary habits remain unchanged.

(d) "You are retaining fluid.":

Fluid retention can occur in hypothyroidism but is not the primary reason for weight gain in this condition. The main cause is a decreased metabolic rate, which leads to the accumulation of body fat. Fluid retention might contribute to some weight gain, but it is not the best explanation in this context.

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A nurse assesses an older adult client who lives alone and is unable to drive a vehicle. Which of the following assessment areas of the nutritional history will most likely impact the client's nutritional status?

Nursing Test Bank

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