During your physical examination of a 29-year-old professional volley ball player who recently completed a beach tournament, you gently pinch the skin on the chest area. The skin remains in a "tent" shape and slowly returns to its normal position. This is a sign of

Dehydration

Hypervolemia

Properly Hydrated

Infection

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Dehydration:

When the skin remains tented and returns to its normal position slowly after being pinched, it indicates decreased skin turgor, which is a clinical sign of dehydration. Dehydration can occur due to fluid loss from sweating during vigorous physical activity like a beach tournament.

B) Hypervolemia:

Hypervolemia refers to excess fluid volume in the body, which would typically manifest with signs such as peripheral edema or jugular vein distention rather than decreased skin turgor.

C) Properly Hydrated:

Properly hydrated individuals would have normal skin turgor, where the skin returns promptly to its normal position after being pinched.

D) Infection:

Skin tenting is not a specific sign of infection. Infection would typically present with localized signs such as redness, warmth, swelling, and possibly systemic signs like fever.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. To prevent further dehydration:

While preventing dehydration is important, it is not the primary reason for bringing a cup of water when assessing the thyroid gland. Dehydration is addressed through overall fluid management rather than during a specific thyroid exam.

B. To assist the client to feel more comfortable:

Providing comfort is essential, but bringing a cup of water specifically for comfort during a thyroid exam is not typically necessary. The primary focus of the water in this context is related to the assessment process.

C. To observe the movement of the thyroid gland:

Observing the movement of the thyroid gland during swallowing can help the nurse assess for abnormalities. Having the client drink water allows the nurse to observe the thyroid gland's movement, which can indicate the presence of goiters, nodules, or other irregularities.

D. To promote the nurse-client relationship:

Promoting a good nurse-client relationship is always beneficial, but bringing a cup of water for this specific purpose is not relevant to the physical assessment of the thyroid gland. The water's main purpose is to facilitate the physical examination process.

A. Liver Disease B. Diabetes mellitus C. End Stage Renal Disease D. Colon Cancer

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

(a) Liver Disease:

Pitting edema is commonly seen in liver disease, especially in conditions like cirrhosis. Liver disease can lead to hypoalbuminemia, where low levels of albumin in the blood cause fluid to leak into the interstitial spaces, resulting in edema. Additionally, liver disease often leads to portal hypertension, which can also contribute to the development of edema.

(b) Diabetes mellitus:

While diabetes can cause complications such as diabetic nephropathy, which may lead to fluid retention, pitting edema is not a primary symptom directly associated with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic patients may develop edema due to kidney issues, but it is not as directly associated as with liver disease.

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) can indeed cause significant fluid retention and edema, including pitting edema. The kidneys' inability to excrete excess fluid leads to its accumulation in tissues. However, the question seems to point towards liver disease, which directly leads to conditions causing pitting edema.

(d) Colon Cancer:

Colon cancer is not typically associated with pitting edema. While advanced cancer can lead to various complications, including fluid imbalances, it is not a primary cause of pitting edema. Edema related to cancer is often more localized and associated with tumor sites or treatment areas.

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During your physical examination of a 29-year-old professional volley ball player who recently completed a beach tournament, you gently pinch the skin on the chest area. The skin remains in a "tent" shape and slowly returns to its normal position. This is a sign of

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When the nurse is preparing to assess the thyroid gland of a client with suspected hypothyroidism, why is it important to bring a cup of water to the physical examination?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

In which disease process should a nurse expect to see a client with the presence of pitting edema?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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During your physical examination of a 29-year-old professional volley ball player who recently completed a beach tournament, you gently pinch the skin on the chest area. The skin remains in a "tent" shape and slowly returns to its normal position. This is a sign of

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