A nurse and a newly licensed nurse are discussing effective communication techniques for a client who has expressive aphasia. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicate understanding of the teaching?

Rationale:

A. Ensure that pork is included in the evening meal: Pork and pork-derived products are prohibited in Islam due to religious dietary laws. Serving pork would be culturally inappropriate and could cause distress to the client, as it violates halal dietary practices.

B. Schedule for meals to be served after sundown: During Ramadan, Muslims fast from dawn to sunset, abstaining from food and drink during daylight hours. Scheduling meals after sundown aligns with their religious observance and supports cultural sensitivity and nutritional needs.

C. Avoid red meat in the client's meals: Islam does not prohibit the consumption of red meat as long as it is halal-slaughtered. There is no religious requirement during Ramadan to avoid red meat, so this action is unnecessary unless restricted for other health reasons.

D. Wait 1 hr after the client consumes dairy to serve poultry: This practice is not part of Islamic dietary rules and is not relevant to Ramadan fasting. It has no religious basis and would not address the specific dietary considerations for a devout Muslim during Ramadan.

Rationale for correct choices:

• Reye’s syndrome is a rare but serious condition that can develop after a viral illness when aspirin is given to children. The toddler’s symptoms—lethargy, persistent vomiting, and difficulty rousing—align with signs of increased intracranial pressure associated with Reye’s syndrome.

• Aspirin administration during a recent influenza A infection is a known trigger for Reye’s syndrome, as it can cause acute encephalopathy and liver dysfunction in pediatric patients.

Rationale for incorrect choices:

• Bronchitis would present with prominent lower respiratory symptoms such as productive cough, wheezing, and abnormal lung sounds, which are not noted here.

• Gastroenteritis is characterized by vomiting and diarrhea with signs of dehydration; this child has no diarrhea, and the neurological decline suggests CNS involvement rather than a purely GI process.

• Acetaminophen administration is not linked to Reye’s syndrome; toxicity causes liver injury but does not present with acute encephalopathy following viral illness in the same way.

• Cough finding is unrelated to the primary cause of the neurological changes and persistent vomiting; the cough has been present but is not the trigger for the current complication.