A night-shift worker experiences extreme difficulty falling asleep due to being exposed to bright lights during both night and day.
The unusual pattern of light exposure is disturbing which controls the release of the hormone:
Metabolic rate; thyroxine.
Limbic system; thymosin.
Circulatory system; dopamine.
Circadian rhythm; melatonin.
The Correct Answer is D
Circadian rhythm is the term for the biological clock that regulates the sleep-wake cycle and other physiological processes in the body.
Melatonin is a hormone that is produced by the pineal gland in the brain in response to darkness.
It helps with the timing of the circadian rhythm and promotes sleep.
Choice A is wrong because metabolic rate is not affected by light exposure, and thyroxine is a hormone that regulates metabolism, not sleep.
Choice B is wrong because the limbic system is a part of the brain that is involved in emotions, memory, and motivation, not sleep.
Thymosin is a hormone that stimulates the development of T cells, which are part of the immune system.
Choice C is wrong because the circulatory system is the system of blood vessels and organs that transport blood throughout the body, not a part of the brain that controls sleep.
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is involved in reward, motivation, and movement, not sleep.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The pulmonary circuit sends oxygen-poor blood to the lungs, where it is oxygenated and returned to the heart.
This is distinguished from the systemic circuit, which sends oxygen-rich blood to the tissues and returns oxygen-poor blood to the heart.
Choice A is wrong because it confuses the pulmonary circuit with the systemic circuit. The pulmonary circuit does not send blood to the tissues but to the lungs.
Choice B is wrong because it only describes part of the pulmonary circuit.
The pulmonary circuit sends oxygen-poor blood to the heart, but only after it has been oxygenated in the lungs.
Choice C is wrong because it confuses the pulmonary circuit with the systemic circuit. The pulmonary circuit does not bring blood from the tissues but from the heart.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a hormone secreted by the heart when the atria are stretched by high blood pressure or volume.
ANP has multiple effects, such as increasing urine and salt excretion, lowering blood pressure, and opposing the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Therefore, ANP inhibits the release of renin and aldosterone, which are hormones that increase blood pressure and sodium retention.
Choice A is wrong because ANP is not released from the adrenal cortex but from the cardiac atria.
ANP does not stimulate atrial hormones but rather inhibits them.
Choice B is wrong because ANP is not stimulated to release when blood volume decreases, but when it increases.
ANP acts to reduce blood volume by promoting diuresis and natriuresis.
Choice C is wrong because ANP does not raise blood pressure, but lowers it. ANP acts as a vasodilator and reduces peripheral resistance.
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