A newborn's failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may indicate which of the following?
Abdominal wall defect
Celiac disease.
Intussusception
Hirschsprung disease
The Correct Answer is D
A. Abdominal wall defect:
Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth can indicate a potential obstruction in the gastrointestinal tract. While an abdominal wall defect could potentially cause gastrointestinal issues, it is not specifically associated with failure to pass meconium.
B. Celiac disease:
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an abnormal immune response to gluten. While celiac disease can cause gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea and abdominal pain, it is not typically associated with failure to pass meconium in the newborn period.
C. Intussusception:
Intussusception occurs when one segment of the intestine telescopes into another, causing a bowel obstruction. While intussusception is a cause of bowel obstruction in infants, it typically presents with symptoms such as colicky abdominal pain, vomiting, and the passage of "currant jelly" stool, rather than failure to pass meconium.
D. Hirschsprung disease:
Hirschsprung disease is a congenital condition characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the distal portion of the colon, leading to functional obstruction. Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth is a classic sign of Hirschsprung disease. This condition requires surgical intervention to remove the affected portion of the colon and restore normal bowel function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Broth:
Broth is not typically recommended for children with acute diarrhea because it lacks the necessary electrolytes to adequately replace those lost through diarrhea. While it can help provide some fluids, it may not be sufficient for rehydration and could potentially worsen dehydration if electrolytes are not adequately replaced.
B. Apple juice:
While apple juice may seem like a hydrating option, it is not the best choice for children with acute diarrhea. Apple juice contains a high amount of sugar, which can draw water into the intestines and worsen diarrhea. Additionally, it lacks the necessary electrolytes needed for rehydration.
C. Cherry gelatin:
Cherry gelatin is not recommended for rehydrating a child with acute diarrhea. Like apple juice, it contains sugar, which can exacerbate diarrhea by drawing water into the intestines. Gelatin also lacks the electrolytes needed to replace those lost through diarrhea.
D. Pedialyte:
Pedialyte is the preferred choice for rehydrating a child with acute diarrhea. It is specifically formulated to replace lost fluids and electrolytes and is less likely to worsen diarrhea compared to sugary beverages like juice or gelatin. Pedialyte helps prevent dehydration by providing a balanced mixture of water, sugar, and electrolytes, making it an effective choice for managing diarrhea in children.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Reports of exposure to a skin irritant:
This finding is consistent with contact dermatitis, as it typically occurs due to exposure to irritants or allergens. Therefore, it is an expected finding.
B. Elevated temperature:
Elevated temperature is not typically associated with contact dermatitis unless there is a secondary infection. It is not a typical finding in uncomplicated contact dermatitis.
C. Denial of pruritus:
Pruritus, or itching, is a common symptom of contact dermatitis. Clients with contact dermatitis often experience itching or discomfort in the affected area. Therefore, denial of pruritus would be an unexpected finding.
D. Reports of joint discomfort:
Joint discomfort is not typically associated with contact dermatitis. Contact dermatitis primarily affects the skin and does not usually involve the joints. Therefore, reports of joint discomfort would be an unexpected finding.
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