A newborn's failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may indicate which of the following?

Abdominal wall defect

Celiac disease.

Intussusception

Hirschsprung disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Abdominal wall defect:

Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth can indicate a potential obstruction in the gastrointestinal tract. While an abdominal wall defect could potentially cause gastrointestinal issues, it is not specifically associated with failure to pass meconium.

B. Celiac disease:

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an abnormal immune response to gluten. While celiac disease can cause gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea and abdominal pain, it is not typically associated with failure to pass meconium in the newborn period.

C. Intussusception:

Intussusception occurs when one segment of the intestine telescopes into another, causing a bowel obstruction. While intussusception is a cause of bowel obstruction in infants, it typically presents with symptoms such as colicky abdominal pain, vomiting, and the passage of "currant jelly" stool, rather than failure to pass meconium.

D. Hirschsprung disease:

Hirschsprung disease is a congenital condition characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the distal portion of the colon, leading to functional obstruction. Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth is a classic sign of Hirschsprung disease. This condition requires surgical intervention to remove the affected portion of the colon and restore normal bowel function.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Drooling - Drooling is not typically associated with intussusception. Intussusception is a condition where one portion of the intestine telescopes into another, leading to bowel obstruction and subsequent symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and "currant jelly" stools.

B. Increased appetite - Increased appetite is unlikely in a toddler with intussusception. Instead, affected toddlers may experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and lethargy, which can lead to decreased appetite.

C. Mucus in stools - Mucus in stools is a characteristic finding in intussusception. As the telescoping of the intestine causes irritation and inflammation, mucus may be passed in the stool along with blood and, in some cases, a characteristic "currant jelly" appearance.

D. Jaundice - Jaundice is not a typical manifestation of intussusception. It may be present in conditions affecting the liver or bile ducts, such as biliary atresia or obstructive jaundice, but it is not a direct symptom of intussusception.

A. Increase in appetite B. Tugging on the affected ear lobe C. Erythema and edema of the affected auricle D. Bluish-green discharge from the ear canal

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Increase in appetite: Otitis media, an infection or inflammation of the middle ear, typically causes discomfort and pain in infants. As a result, they may experience a decrease in appetite rather than an increase.

B. Tugging on the affected ear lobe: Tugging or pulling on the affected ear lobe is a common sign of ear pain in infants with otitis media. It occurs because the pain from the middle ear extends to the outer ear canal.

C. Erythema and edema of the affected auricle: Otitis media primarily affects the middle ear, so erythema (redness) and edema (swelling) are not typically observed on the outer ear (auricle). Instead, these symptoms are more commonly seen in external ear infections, such as otitis externa.

D. Bluish-green discharge from the ear canal: Bluish-green discharge from the ear canal is not a typical finding in otitis media. It may suggest a secondary bacterial infection or another underlying condition, but it is not a characteristic feature of otitis media.

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A newborn's failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may indicate which of the following?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

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