A murse is caring for an older adult client who has advanced dementia and needs a blood transfusion. The client previously designated her ad daughter on a durable power of attorney for health care form, and the daughter refuses the treatment. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A.While it is important to have nonperishable food items, they should generally be checked and rotated every 6 months to a year to ensure they remain within expiration dates and to maintain freshness. Depending on storage conditions, some items may degrade sooner, so this timeframe may be insufficient.

B.In a disaster situation, access to pharmacies may be limited, so having a backup supply of essential nonprescription medications like pain relievers, antacids, and allergy medications is essential. This ensures that individuals have what they need to manage minor health issues without needing immediate access to stores.

C.Current recommendations typically advise having enough supplies for at least 3 days (72 hours) to a week, as this is generally the period required before external help may arrive during a disaster. While gathering supplies for two weeks can be helpful, it may not be feasible for everyone due to storage limitations.

D.The recommended amount of water for emergency situations is 1 gallon (approximately 3.8 liters) per person per day, which accounts for drinking and basic hygiene needs. Two liters would not be sufficient for most people’s daily water needs during an emergency.

A.Opening windows during a fire can increase airflow, which may actually intensify the flames and spread the fire faster. Instead, clients should close doors to contain the fire and smoke, stay low to the ground to avoid inhaling smoke, and focus on evacuating the home safely.

B.Storing the fire extinguisher away from the stove ensures it remains accessible if a fire breaks out on or near the stove. If a fire occurs, the extinguisher should be in a location that is easy to access but away from the immediate fire source to prevent the person from reaching through flames to retrieve it.

C.The correct technique is to aim the nozzle at the base of the flames, where the fuel source is. This helps to smother the fire more effectively, as aiming at the base cuts off the fuel source, whereas aiming at the top would be less effective.

D.The batteries in smoke alarms should generally be changed every 6-12 months to ensure they are functioning properly. Many recommendations also suggest testing alarms monthly and replacing the entire smoke alarm every 10 years.