A group of older adults in an assisted living facility are talking about one of the residents who fell and fractured her hip. The residents ask a nurse the following: "It seems like so many of us fall and break our hips, and then it is downhill from there. Is this really true?" in formulating a response, the nurse considers which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Women have significantly higher mortality rates from hip fractures than do men

Hip fractures are associated with very high morbidity and mortality.

Hip fractures are a leading cause of hospitalization for older people

Nearly all older patients who sustain a hip fracture will regain prefracture mobility status within 1 year.

The major cause of hip fractures is falls

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

A. Women have significantly higher mortality rates from hip fractures than do men.
Explanation: This statement is generally true. Women, particularly older women, tend to have higher mortality rates associated with hip fractures compared to men. This is partly because women are more prone to osteoporosis, a condition that increases the risk of fractures.

B. Hip fractures are associated with very high morbidity and mortality.
Explanation: This statement is generally true. Hip fractures can have significant consequences, including increased morbidity and mortality. Complications, such as infections, immobility-related issues, and other medical conditions, can contribute to the overall impact on health.

C. Hip fractures are a leading cause of hospitalization for older people.
Explanation: This statement is generally true. Hip fractures are a common reason for hospitalization among older adults. The severity of the injury often requires medical intervention, surgery, and rehabilitation.

D. Nearly all older patients who sustain a hip fracture will regain prefracture mobility status within 1 year.
Explanation: This statement is not accurate. While many older patients can regain some mobility with appropriate rehabilitation, not all will regain their prefracture mobility status. The extent of recovery varies among individuals and depends on factors such as overall health, comorbidities, and the severity of the fracture.

E. The major cause of hip fractures is falls.
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Falls are a major cause of hip fractures in older adults. Understanding and addressing factors contributing to falls are essential in preventing hip fractures.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Medicare supplemental insurance, commonly known as Medigap, does not have a Part 8. The options provided seem to be a combination of different parts of Medicare and supplementary insurance.

A. It covers the costs of outpatient services.

Explanation: This statement is generally true, but it is associated with Medicare Part B, which covers outpatient services. Medigap plans can help cover some of the out-of-pocket costs associated with Medicare Part B services.

B. It must be purchased and is a subsidized medical policy.

Explanation: This statement is partially true. Medigap policies must be purchased, but they are not subsidized. Individuals pay private insurance companies for Medigap coverage to help pay for certain costs not covered by Original Medicare (Parts A and B).

C. It covers the costs of speech therapy.

Explanation: This statement is generally true. Medigap plans may cover part or all of the costs associated with Medicare-approved services, including speech therapy.

D. It covers medication costs.

Explanation: This statement is not entirely accurate. Medigap plans do not cover prescription drugs. Coverage for prescription medications is typically provided through Medicare Part D, which is a separate prescription drug coverage plan.

A. Age-related motor deficiencies that result in self-neglect B. Age-related neurosensory changes that diminish awareness of temperature changes C. Delirium-related to an acute illness that is affecting body heat production D. Cognitive changes that diminish the individual's awareness of temperature changes

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Age-related motor deficiencies that result in self-neglect.

Explanation: While age-related motor deficiencies could potentially impact a person's ability to dress appropriately, the specific scenario described (wearing a sweater despite high temperatures) is more indicative of sensory awareness issues rather than motor deficiencies.

B. Age-related neurosensory changes that diminish awareness of temperature changes.

Explanation: As individuals age, there can be neurosensory changes that affect their ability to perceive temperature accurately. This can result in older adults being less aware of changes in temperature, leading to behaviors such as dressing inappropriately for the weather. In this scenario, the client wearing a sweater despite the high temperature outside may be attributed to diminished awareness of the actual environmental temperature.

C. Delirium related to an acute illness that is affecting body heat production.

Explanation: Delirium may indeed affect a person's cognitive and functional abilities, but the scenario does not provide evidence of delirium or an acute illness. The focus is on the client's behavior related to dressing inappropriately for the weather, which is more suggestive of sensory awareness issues.

D. Cognitive changes that diminish the individual's awareness of temperature changes.

Explanation: This option is similar to the correct answer (Option B). Cognitive changes, particularly in awareness, can contribute to inappropriate dressing for the weather in older adults. The primary distinction here is that the term "neurosensory changes" in Option B specifically highlights alterations in sensory perception.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following statements are true about Medicare-part 8 supplemental insurance? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A 79-year-old client resides independently in the community. The visiting home health nurse finds that despite it being 90°F outside, the windows are closed and the client is wearing a sweater. The nurse initially recognizes that this behavior may be related to what?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

An older adult who is on bed rest after surgery is prescribed morphine for pain. Which of the following is the nurse's priority for preventive care?

Which attempt by the family to prevent an older frail adult from falling causes the home health nurse concern?

Hypothermia is a medical emergency defined as a core temperature less than 95°F. Which of the following tips to prevent hypothermia should you tell your elderly client? (Select all that apply.)

An older adult client who was a veteran of World War II has just died. His widowed wife did not work and does not have sufficient funds to afford supplemental Medicare insurance. You would recommend which one of the following?

A health care provider asks the nurse about an older adult client's durable power of attorney (POA) because consent is needed for a medically necessary invasive procedure. The client has end-stage disease, is intubated, and is on mechanical ventilation. Which steps should the nurse implement?

What components are included in a person-centered community? (Select all that apply.)

The overall temperature in the gerontological unit is 62°F during the evening shift. In documenting this concern to the administration, which factor is the most important for the health and well-being of older adults?