A community health nurse is educating a newly licensed nurse about sensitivity and specificity using a two-by-two table. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the table related to false negatives?
False negatives are represented in the table cell that indicates the person does not have the disease and the test does not indicate disease.
False negatives are represented in the table cell that indicates the person has the disease and the test indicates the person has the disease.
False negatives are represented in the table cell that indicates the person has the disease and the test does not indicate disease.
False negatives are represented in the table cell that indicates the person does not have the disease and the test indicates disease.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A Reason:
This statement is incorrect because it describes a true negative, not a false negative. A true negative occurs when the test correctly identifies that a person does not have the disease. In a two-by-two table, this is represented in the cell where both the actual status and the test result indicate no disease.
Choice B Reason:
This statement is incorrect because it describes a true positive, not a false negative. A true positive occurs when the test correctly identifies that a person has the disease. In a two-by-two table, this is represented in the cell where both the actual status and the test result indicate the presence of the disease.
Choice C Reason:
This statement is correct because it accurately describes a false negative. A false negative occurs when the test incorrectly indicates that a person does not have the disease when, in fact, they do. In a two-by-two table, this is represented in the cell where the actual status indicates the presence of the disease, but the test result indicates no disease.
Choice D Reason:
This statement is incorrect because it describes a false positive, not a false negative. A false positive occurs when the test incorrectly indicates that a person has the disease when, in fact, they do not. In a two-by-two table, this is represented in the cell where the actual status indicates no disease, but the test result indicates the presence of the disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
An older adult couple living in a community where goods and services are within walking distance is likely to experience long-term economic stability due to reduced transportation costs and increased accessibility to essential services. This setup minimizes the need for a vehicle, which can be a significant financial burden, especially for those on a fixed income. Additionally, the proximity to services can enhance their quality of life and reduce healthcare costs by promoting physical activity and social engagement.
Choice B Reason:
A single parent of two children who uses ride-share services may face financial instability due to the high costs associated with frequent ride-share usage. While ride-share services provide flexibility and convenience, they can be expensive over time, especially for a single parent managing multiple responsibilities and expenses. This choice does not offer the same level of economic stability as living in a walkable community.
Choice C Reason:
A client who has diabetes mellitus and regularly relies upon a family member for transportation may experience economic instability due to the dependency on others for mobility. This reliance can limit their ability to access employment opportunities and essential services independently. Additionally, managing a chronic condition like diabetes can be financially burdensome due to ongoing medical expenses.
Choice D Reason:
A young family regularly using public transportation services to acquire goods and services may face challenges related to the reliability and availability of public transportation. While public transportation can be cost-effective, it may not always be convenient or accessible, especially for families with young children. This can impact their ability to maintain consistent employment and access essential services, potentially affecting their long-term economic stability.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
The statement that individuals who desire a quality education are required to purchase healthy lunches at school is not accurate. While healthy lunches can contribute to better health outcomes, they are not a requirement for obtaining a quality education. This choice does not directly address the broader relationship between education and health outcomes. Instead, it focuses on a specific aspect of school life that is not universally applicable or mandated.
Choice B Reason:
The idea that quality education includes coverage for some medical expenses is misleading. Education systems typically do not cover medical expenses; this is usually the role of healthcare systems or insurance providers. While schools may offer some health services, such as school nurses or health education, these do not equate to comprehensive medical expense coverage. This choice does not accurately reflect the role of education in health outcomes.
Choice C Reason:
Individuals who attain a quality education increase the likelihood of obtaining a job that pays a living wage. This statement is supported by extensive research showing that higher educational attainment is associated with better employment opportunities and higher income levels. A living wage allows individuals to afford better healthcare, housing, and nutrition, all of which contribute to improved health outcomes. This choice directly links education to economic stability and health benefits, making it the most accurate and relevant statement.
Choice D Reason:
With a quality education, clients have increased access to virtual visits with primary care physicians. While education can improve health literacy and the ability to navigate healthcare systems, access to virtual visits is more directly influenced by factors such as technology availability, internet access, and healthcare policies. This statement oversimplifies the relationship between education and healthcare access, making it less accurate than the other choices.
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