A client with chronic alcoholism has been found to have Wernicke encephalopathy. What is this irreversible complication characterized by?

Thiamine deficiency

Hypothalamic and mammillary body lesions

Inability to learn new skills and short-term memory loss

Double vision and rapid eye movement

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Wernicke encephalopathy is caused by thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency, but it is not characterized by thiamine deficiency itself.
B.   Wernicke encephalopathy is characterized by lesions in the hypothalamus and mammillary bodies in the brain.
C.   While cognitive impairment may be present, this is not the primary characteristic of Wernicke encephalopathy.
D.   Double vision and rapid eye movement are symptoms of Wernicke encephalopathy, but they are not the irreversible complication itself.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Loss of appetite can be a symptom of PMDD, but it is not the primary manifestation.
B. Insomnia can be a symptom of PMDD, but it is not the primary manifestation.
C. Emotional lability, or rapid and intense mood swings, is a primary manifestation of PMDD.
D. Anxiety can be a symptom of PMDD, but it is not the primary manifestation.

A. A depressant B. An opioid C. A stimulant D. An inhalant

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A depressant Depressants typically slow down the central nervous system, leading to
symptoms like sedation, slowed heart rate, and reduced blood pressure. The symptoms described in the question, such as tachycardia, hypertension, restlessness, and agitation, are not
characteristic of depressant use.

B. An opioid Opioids primarily lead to central nervous system depression, resulting in symptoms like respiratory depression, sedation, and decreased heart rate. The symptoms described in the question, such as tachycardia and restlessness, are not typical of opioid use.

C. A stimulant Stimulants, such as amphetamines or cocaine, lead to increased activity in the central nervous system, resulting in symptoms like tachycardia, hypertension, restlessness, and agitation. These symptoms align with the presentation described in the question.

D. An inhalant Inhalants can lead to a variety of effects, including dizziness, confusion, and sometimes increased heart rate. However, they are not typically associated with the specific symptoms of tachycardia, hypertension, restlessness, and agitation described in the question.

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A client with chronic alcoholism has been found to have Wernicke encephalopathy. What is this irreversible complication characterized by?

Nursing Test Bank

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