A client with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) shows no improvement despite increases in concentration in oxygen administered. What intervention should the nurse attempt which may improve ventilation-perfusion matching?
Prone Position
Positioning supine with head elevated to 30-45 degrees
Infusion of Albumin
Transfusion of PRBC
The Correct Answer is A
A. Prone positioning involves turning the patient onto their abdomen to improve ventilation-perfusion matching by redistributing ventilation to the dorsal lung regions, where perfusion is typically better in ARDS patients.
B. Semi-recumbent positioning may be used to prevent aspiration and reduce the risk of VAP but is not as effective as prone positioning for improving V/Q matching.
C. Albumin infusion is not specific interventions for improving ventilation-perfusion matching in ARDS and should be considered based on other clinical indications.
D. Transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBC) may be indicated in cases of severe anemia or hypoxemia due to inadequate oxygen-carrying capacity. However, it is not a primary intervention for improving ventilation-perfusion matching in ARDS
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is []
Explanation
AF is characterized by irregular, rapid heartbeat (100 to 175 beats per minute (bpm) and the absence of distinct P waves.
Management of unstable atrial fibrillation include immediate pharmacological or electrical cardioversion and anticoagulation.
Atrial fibrillation leads to ineffective pumping and stasis of blood in the heart which increases the risk of stroke.
On initiating anticoagulation, PTT/INR is important to ensure that the drug is administered at doses that achieve the optimal therapeutic effect.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
D Crackles audible at the lung bases indicate the presence of pulmonary edema or fluid accumulation in the alveoli, which can compromise gas exchange and exacerbate respiratory distress. In a patient with ARDS, crackles suggest worsening pulmonary status and may indicate inadequate ventilation or oxygenation despite mechanical ventilation. Therefore, crackles at the lung bases are the most important finding to report to the healthcare provider as they may indicate a need for adjustments to the ventilator settings or additional interventions to optimize respiratory function and prevent further deterioration.
A respiratory rate of 22 breaths/min may be within an acceptable range, particularly considering that the patient is receiving mechanical ventilation. However, any significant deviation from the baseline respiratory rate or signs of respiratory distress, such as increased work of breathing or accessory muscle use, should be closely monitored and reported promptly.
B A heart rate of 106 beats/min may be within an acceptable range, although it is slightly elevated. Tachycardia can occur due to various factors, including pain, anxiety, fever, or hypoxemia. While tachycardia warrants close monitoring, it may not be the most critical finding to report unless it is associated with hemodynamic instability or other concerning symptoms.
C An oxygen saturation of 99% indicates adequate oxygenation, which is reassuring, particularly in a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, oxygen saturation alone may not reflect the adequacy of ventilation or the severity of the underlying lung injury. Therefore, while oxygen saturation should be monitored closely, it may not be the most critical finding to report unless it declines significantly or is accompanied by other concerning symptoms.
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