A client who has a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m² (normal 18.0 to 24.9 kg/m²) is requesting information on the initial approach to a weight loss plan. Which action should the nurse recommend?

Keep a record of food and drinks consumed daily.

Participate in a group exercise class 3 times a week.

Engage in strenuous activity for an hour daily.

Plan low carbohydrate and high protein meals.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

Keeping a record of food and drinks consumed daily is an effective initial approach to weight loss. This practice helps the client become more aware of their eating habits and identify areas for improvement. Tracking food intake can reveal patterns of overeating, emotional eating, or consumption of high-calorie foods. This awareness is crucial for making informed dietary changes and setting realistic weight loss goals.

Choice B reason:

Participating in a group exercise class 3 times a week is beneficial for weight loss and overall health, but it may not be the best initial step. Exercise is important, but understanding and modifying dietary habits is often more impactful in the early stages of a weight loss plan. Combining dietary changes with regular exercise is ideal, but starting with food tracking can provide a solid foundation.

Choice C reason:

Engaging in strenuous activity for an hour daily can be overwhelming for someone just beginning a weight loss journey. It is important to start with manageable changes to avoid burnout and injury. Gradually increasing physical activity levels is more sustainable and effective in the long term.

Choice D reason:

Planning low carbohydrate and high protein meals can be part of a weight loss strategy, but it should be tailored to the individual’s preferences and needs. Without understanding the client’s current eating habits, it is difficult to recommend specific dietary changes. Starting with food tracking allows for personalized and effective dietary adjustments.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Low weight as determined from a height/weight comparison chart can indicate malnutrition, but it is not as specific as biochemical markers. Weight alone does not provide a complete picture of nutritional status, as it can be influenced by various factors such as fluid retention or loss of muscle mass.

B. Hemoglobin (Hgb) of 11.8 g/dL (118 g/L) and hematocrit (Hct) of 34% (0.34) are below the normal reference ranges, indicating anemia. Anemia can result from various nutritional deficiencies, including iron, vitamin B12, or folate deficiencies. However, it does not provide a comprehensive assessment of overall nutritional status.

C. Decreased lean body mass compared to results of 10 years ago suggests muscle wasting, which can be a sign of malnutrition. However, it is not as specific as biochemical markers like serum albumin and transferrin levels, which provide more direct evidence of protein-energy malnutrition.

D. Serum albumin of 3 g/dL (30 g/L) and serum transferrin of 180 mg/dL (18 g/L) are below the normal reference ranges, indicating protein-energy malnutrition. Low levels of these proteins are strong indicators of poor nutritional status and are commonly used to assess malnutrition in clinical settings.

A. Emphasize the need to reduce caloric intake, rather than increasing it. B. Encourage the client to continue these changes in a dietary plan. C. Advise the client to include aerobic exercise along with dietary changes. D. Instruct the client to also increase the daily intake of dietary fiber.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Emphasizing the need to reduce caloric intake, rather than increasing it, is not appropriate for a client with hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism increases the body’s metabolic rate, leading to higher energy expenditure. Reducing caloric intake could result in weight loss and muscle wasting, which are already concerns for individuals with hyperthyroidism.

Choice B reason:

Encouraging the client to continue these changes in a dietary plan is appropriate. Increasing protein and calorie intake helps meet the higher metabolic demands associated with hyperthyroidism. Adequate protein supports muscle maintenance and repair, while increased calories help prevent unintentional weight loss. This approach ensures that the client meets their nutritional needs and maintains a healthy weight.

Choice C reason:

Advising the client to include aerobic exercise along with dietary changes can be beneficial for overall health, but it should be tailored to the individual’s energy levels and physical condition. While exercise is important, the primary focus should be on meeting the increased nutritional needs caused by hyperthyroidism.

Choice D reason:

Instructing the client to also increase the daily intake of dietary fiber is beneficial for overall health, but it is not the primary concern for managing hyperthyroidism. The focus should be on ensuring adequate protein and calorie intake to meet the increased metabolic demands.

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A client who has a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m² (normal 18.0 to 24.9 kg/m²) is requesting information on the initial approach to a weight loss plan. Which action should the nurse recommend?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

In reviewing the dietary teaching for a young adult client with hyperthyroidism, the nurse learns that the client has increased the intake of protein and calories. Which action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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