A client is prescribed disulfiram. How does this medication assist the client in refraining from ingestion of alcohol?
Allows the accumulation of acetaldehyde
Decreases stimulation of the central nervous system (CNS)
Increases the level of acetylcholine d Increases the level of serotonin
The Correct Answer is A
Disulfiram is a medication used to treat alcohol use disorder (AUD). It works by inhibiting the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, which is responsible for breaking down acetaldehyde, a toxic metabolite of alcohol. When alcohol is consumed while taking disulfiram, the accumulation of acetaldehyde in the body leads to unpleasant symptoms such as flushing, sweating, nausea, and vomiting. This creates an aversive reaction to alcohol consumption, which can help the client refrain from drinking.
The aversive effects of disulfiram can last for several hours to several days after alcohol consumption, depending on the dose of disulfiram and the amount of alcohol consumed. Therefore, it is important for clients taking disulfiram to avoid all sources of alcohol, including alcoholic beverages, mouthwash, and other products containing alcohol.
It is important to note that disulfiram is not a cure for AUD, and it works best when used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes counseling and support. Disulfiram should only be used under the close supervision of a healthcare provider, as it can have serious side effects if used improperly.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A: Ibuprofen does not typically interact with calcium citrate to decrease its effects. Instead, ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can cause gastrointestinal irritation and, with long-term use, may affect kidney function.
B: Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can lead to increased calcium levels in the blood. It does not decrease the effects of calcium citrate; rather, it could potentially cause hypercalcemia if used concurrently with calcium supplements.
C: Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and angina. While it affects calcium channels in the heart and blood vessels, it does not typically interact with calcium citrate supplements to decrease their effectiveness.
D: Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can decrease calcium absorption and increase calcium excretion, leading to lower bone density. Long-term use of prednisone can lead to osteoporosis, making it counterproductive when taken with calcium citrate for bone health.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Dextroamphetamine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy. The drug has a high potential for abuse and dependence, and therefore it carries a black box warning from the FDA. The black box warning is the strongest warning that the FDA requires, and it indicates that a drug has a significant risk of serious or life-threatening adverse effects.
The black box warning for dextroamphetamine relates to its potential for abuse, addiction, and misuse. The drug should only be used as directed by a healthcare provider, and clients should be advised not to share their medication with others or to take more than the prescribed dose. Excessive doses of dextroamphetamine can lead to serious adverse effects, including stroke and heart attack. Clients should also be advised to store their medication securely and to dispose of any unused medication properly.
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