A client is being admitted to the emergency department with a possible dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following clinical manifestations are not signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock?

Nausea and faintness

Neurologic deficits and apprehension

Hypertension and tachypnea

Diaphoresis and oliguria

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Nausea and faintness Nausea and faintness can be symptoms of hypovolemic shock. Hypovolemic shock occurs when the body loses a significant amount of blood or fluids, leading to a decrease in blood pressure and inadequate oxygen supply to the organs. This can cause various symptoms, including nausea and faintness, as the body struggles to maintain normal function.

Choice B reason: Neurologic deficits and apprehension Neurologic deficits and apprehension can also be symptoms of hypovolemic shock. Neurologic deficits refer to abnormal neurologic function of a body area due to injury of the brain, spinal cord, muscles, or nerves. Apprehension, or anxiety, can occur as the body responds to the stress of significant blood or fluid loss.

Choice C reason: Hypertension and tachypnea Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is not typically a symptom of hypovolemic shock. In fact, hypovolemic shock is usually characterized by hypotension, or low blood pressure, due to the loss of blood or fluids. Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, can be a symptom of hypovolemic shock, but it would not typically be accompanied by hypertension in this context.

Choice D reason: Diaphoresis and oliguria Diaphoresis (excessive sweating) and oliguria (reduced urine production) can be symptoms of hypovolemic shock. Diaphoresis can occur as the body attempts to cool itself in response to the stress of significant blood or fluid loss. Oliguria can occur as the kidneys receive less blood flow due to the decrease in blood volume, leading to decreased urine production.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:Pain that is relieved by food intake is a classic symptom of duodenal ulcers, as eating can neutralize stomach acid temporarily, providing relief.

Choice B reason:Pain radiating down the right arm is not a typical symptom of a duodenal ulcer; it is more commonly associated with cardiac issues.

Choice C reason:Nausea and vomiting can be associated with duodenal ulcers, but they are not as specific as pain relief by food intake.

Choice D reason:Weight loss can occur with duodenal ulcers due to pain and eating avoidance, but the key symptom that relates directly to the ulcer is pain relief after food intake.

A. Hypermagnesemia B. Hyponatremia C. Hyperkalemia D. Hypophosphatemia

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Hypermagnesemia, or high levels of magnesium in the blood, is not typically associated with refeeding syndrome. Instead, refeeding syndrome can lead to hypomagnesemia, which is a low level of magnesium in the blood, due to shifts of magnesium into the cells during insulin secretion in the refeeding process.

Choice B reason: Hyponatremia, or low levels of sodium in the blood, is not a hallmark of refeeding syndrome. While fluid shifts can affect sodium levels, the key electrolyte disturbances in refeeding syndrome involve phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium.

Choice C reason: Hyperkalemia, or high levels of potassium in the blood, is not a common finding in refeeding syndrome. Similar to magnesium, potassium can shift into cells during refeeding, which can actually lead to hypokalemia, or low levels of potassium in the blood.

Choice D reason: Hypophosphatemia, or low levels of phosphorus in the blood, is the hallmark of refeeding syndrome. When a malnourished individual is refed, insulin secretion is stimulated by the increased carbohydrate intake. Insulin promotes cellular uptake of glucose, which is accompanied by phosphate, potassium, and magnesium, leading to a decrease in the serum levels of these electrolytes. Phosphorus is critical for cellular processes, and its deficiency can lead to muscle weakness, respiratory failure, hemolysis, and impaired cardiac function. During refeeding, careful monitoring of electrolytes is essential to prevent and manage refeeding syndrome. Hypophosphatemia is the most significant laboratory finding to anticipate in a patient with refeeding syndrome, and it requires prompt recognition and treatment to prevent serious complications.

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A client is being admitted to the emergency department with a possible dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following clinical manifestations are not signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is admitting a client with a history of duodenal ulcer. To determine if the client's current symptoms are related to this information, the nurse should assess the client for which manifestations of a duodenal ulcer?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving continuous enteral nutrition and develops refeeding syndrome. The nurse should expect which of the following laboratory findings?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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