A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Which finding is consistent with known risk factors for this disease?

The client is of Asian descent.

The client's water source comes from a well.

The client worked in agriculture.

The client is military veteran.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Ethnicity alone is not a known risk factor for ALS. ALS has a relatively uniform incidence across different ethnic groups. Studies have not demonstrated a significant correlation between ALS and being of Asian descent specifically.

B.   There is limited evidence suggesting that consuming well water could be associated with an increased risk of ALS, particularly if the well water is contaminated with certain toxins or heavy metals. However, this is not a widely established risk factor and is less directly linked to ALS compared to other known risk factors.
C.   Working in agriculture has been identified as a potential risk factor for ALS. Agricultural workers are often exposed to various environmental toxins, pesticides, and herbicides, which have been associated with an increased risk of developing ALS. This occupational exposure is considered a significant risk factor for the disease.
D.   Military veterans are known to have an increased risk of developing ALS. Several studies have shown that veterans, particularly those who served in combat or were exposed to specific environmental hazards during their service, have a higher incidence of ALS compared to the general population.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Atorvastatin is a statin used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood. Reducing cholesterol levels helps to prevent the progression of atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in the arteries), which is a major cause of chronic stable angina. Statins are commonly prescribed to manage the underlying condition that leads to angina by stabilizing plaques and reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
B. Digoxin is a medication used to treat heart failure and certain types of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias). It works by increasing the force of heart contractions and controlling heart rate. While it can be helpful in specific cases of heart failure or arrhythmias, it is not typically used for the management of chronic stable angina.
C. Furosemide is a diuretic used to treat conditions such as heart failure and edema by removing excess fluid from the body. It helps to reduce fluid buildup but does not address the underlying cause of chronic stable angina or improve coronary artery function. It is not a primary medication for managing angina.
D. Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody used primarily to treat certain types of cancer and autoimmune diseases by targeting specific immune cells. It is not used to treat chronic stable angina or related cardiovascular conditions. It does not play a role in managing cholesterol levels or improving coronary artery health.

A. Phacoemulsification B. Extracapsular cataract extraction C. Cochlear implant D. Surgical iridectomy

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Phacoemulsification is a procedure used to remove cataracts from the eye. It involves using ultrasound waves to break up the cloudy lens (cataract) into small fragments, which are then suctioned out. While this procedure is relevant for cataract treatment, it does not address the acute management of angle-closure glaucoma.
B. Extracapsular cataract extraction is a surgical procedure to remove a cataract from the eye by making an incision and extracting the lens in one piece or in large segments. Like phacoemulsification, this procedure is focused on cataract removal and does not directly treat the underlying issue of acute angle-closure glaucoma.
C. A cochlear implant is a device used to provide a sense of sound to individuals with severe hearing loss or deafness. This procedure is unrelated to the treatment of eye conditions or intraocular pressure and therefore is not appropriate for managing primary angle-closure glaucoma.
D. Surgical iridectomy is a procedure specifically aimed at treating angle-closure glaucoma. It involves creating a small hole (iridectomy) in the peripheral iris to allow aqueous humor to flow from the posterior chamber of the eye to the anterior chamber, bypassing the obstructed drainage angle.

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A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Which finding is consistent with known risk factors for this disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is diagnosed with chronic stable angina caused by plaques in the coronary arteries. The client receives a prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin to use as needed when angina occurs. Which additional medication does the nurse anticipate would be prescribed for this client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has undergone a bilateral adrenalectomy. The nurse monitors for which of the following signs of Addisonian crisis?

A nurse is discussing the importance of following a low-sodium diet with a client who has heart failure. Which of the following food items would be appropriate for this patient to choose?

A nurse in an ophthalmology clinic is assessing a client who has suspected primary open-angle glaucoma (PAOG). Which assessment finding would support a diagnosis of this type of glaucoma?

The nurse is providing care for a geriatric patient with loss of hearing acuity over the past several years. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?

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A client with multiple complaints has been referred to a neurologist for further evaluation. Which of the following complaints are common manifestations of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease and notes that the client has small crystals on his forehead. The nurse understands that this manifestation is a result of an excess of which substance in the body?