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A client who is receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer is experiencing myelosuppression as a side effect of the treatment. Which of the following is a manifestation directly related to myelosuppression?

A.

Mucositis and diarrhea

B.

Nausea and vomiting

C.

Fever and chills

D.

Alopecia and weight loss

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.    Mucositis and diarrhea are side effects commonly associated with chemotherapy but are not directly related to myelosuppression. These symptoms are due to the impact of chemotherapy on rapidly dividing cells in the gastrointestinal tract.
B.    Nausea and vomiting are common side effects of chemotherapy, primarily due to the treatment's impact on the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system.
C.    Fever and chills are manifestations directly related to myelosuppression. Myelosuppression leads to a decrease in white blood cells (leukocytes), which compromises the immune system. This increased susceptibility to infection can result in symptoms such as fever and chills. These symptoms are indicative of potential infections or sepsis, which are more common in patients with compromised immune systems due to myelosuppression.
 
D.    Alopecia (hair loss) and weight loss are common side effects of chemotherapy, but they are not directly related to myelosuppression. Alopecia results from the effects of chemotherapy on rapidly dividing hair follicle cells, while weight loss can be a consequence of changes in metabolism or appetite due to chemotherapy.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Edrophonium is used to diagnose myasthenia gravis, a neuromuscular disorder that causes muscle weakness. It is not used to treat the symptoms described in the question.
B. Prednisone is a corticosteroid used to treat various conditions, including autoimmune diseases and allergies. It is not used to treat Parkinson's disease, which is the most likely diagnosis based on the symptoms described.
C. This medication is the gold standard for treating Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder that causes tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowed movements), and postural instability. Carbidopa- levodopa helps to increase dopamine levels in the brain, which can improve motor function and reduce symptoms.
D. Riluzole is used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons. It is not used to treat Parkinson's disease.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is more commonly associated with fluid retention rather than fluid volume deficit. Fluid volume deficit would generally be a concern with diuretics or other medications that increase urine output. Prednisone can lead to fluid retention and edema, not a deficit.
B. Prednisone is more likely to cause weight gain rather than weight loss. Corticosteroids can increase appetite and lead to fluid retention, both of which contribute to weight gain. Significant weight loss is not a typical side effect of prednisone.
C. Prednisone and other corticosteroids can cause sodium retention, which can lead to fluid retention and hypertension. Sodium retention is a common side effect of corticosteroids, and it contributes to the fluid retention and potential weight gain associated with these medications.
D. Prednisone can cause thinning of the skin rather than thickening. Long-term use of corticosteroids can lead to skin thinning, increased bruising, and easy tearing of the skin. Thickening of the skin is not a common side effect of prednisone.

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