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A client has received vasopressin for diabetes insipidus. Which assessment finding indicates the most therapeutic response to this therapy?

Urine output has increased; specific gravity has decreased.

Urine output has increased; specific gravity has increased.

Urine output has decreased; specific gravity has decreased.

Urine output has decreased; specific gravity has increased.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale: This is a sign of worsening diabetes insipidus.

Choice B rationale: This shows signs of overhydration, as urine output is high and specific gravity is high.

Choice C rationale: This is a sign of worsening diabetes insipidus.

Choice D rationale: Vasopressin is a hormone that helps the kidneys retain water and concentrate urine. Diabetes insipidus is a condition where the body does not produce enough vasopressin or does not respond to it, resulting in excessive urination and diluted urine. The goal of vasopressin therapy is to reduce urine output and increase urine concentration, which indicates that the kidneys are functioning properly and the body is hydrated.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale: With type 2 diabetes, insulin secretion is decreased, and insulin resistance is increased. This means that the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, and the cells of the body do not respond well to the insulin that is available. Insulin is a hormone that helps the body use glucose (sugar) for energy. Without enough insulin or with insulin resistance, glucose builds up in the blood, leading to high blood sugar levels and various complications.

Choice B rationale: This statement describes Type 1 diabetes, where the immune system destroys insulin-producing cells.

Choice C rationale: This describes type 1 diabetes, not type 2 diabetes. People with type 2 diabetes may or may not need to take insulin, depending on how well they can control their blood sugar levels with diet, exercise, and oral medications.

Choice D rationale: This refers to pancreatitis, which is a condition where the pancreas becomes inflamed due to infection, injury, or alcohol abuse. Pancreatitis can cause

severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, and elevated levels of pancreatic enzymes in the blood.

A. Keeping the room well-lit at all time B. Encouraging frequent ambulation and exercise C. Providing a high-calorie and high protein diet D. Placing extra blankets over the client

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Clients with Graves' disease may have increased sensitivity to light due to ocular manifestations like photophobia, so keeping the room well-lit may can cause eye irritation.

Choice B rationale: Encouraging frequent ambulation and exercise may worsen the symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as tachycardia, palpitations, and tremors.

Choice C rationale: This is because clients with Graves' disease have an increased

metabolic rate and may experience weight loss, muscle wasting, and fatigue. A high- calorie and high protein diet can help prevent these complications and provide adequate nutrition for the client.

Choice D rationale: Placing extra blankets over the client may increase the body temperature and cause heat intolerance, which is another common symptom of Graves' disease.

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A client has received vasopressin for diabetes insipidus. Which assessment finding indicates the most therapeutic response to this therapy?

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