A-55-year old male patient is admitted with a massive GI bleed. The patient is at risk for what type of acute kidney injury?
refer to a condition where significant urinary tract obstruction which in severe or long- standing cases can yield to backup of urine into the kidneys
refer to a condition when direct damage to the kidneys causes a sudden loss in kidney function.
refer to a condition in which the kidneys stop functioning due to internal kidney disease.
refer to a condition in which kidney blood flow may become significantly reduced include those in which a significant amount of fluid has been lost.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale: This refers to postrenal AKI, which is caused by an obstruction in the urinary tract that prevents urine from leaving the body.
Choice B rationale: This refers to AKI in general and is not specific compared to choice D.
Choice C rationale: This refers to intrinsic AKI, which is caused by damage to the kidney tissue or cells from various causes, such as inflammation, infection, toxins, or ischemia.
Choice D rationale: This is correct because it is pre-renal AKI, a condition in which kidney blood flow may become significantly reduced, including cases where a significant amount of fluid has been lost. This situation suggests potential hypovolemia (low blood volume) due to the massive GI bleed, which can lead to reduced kidney blood flow and subsequent acute kidney injury.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale: This is because removing a large amount of fluid from the abdominal cavity can cause a sudden decrease in intra-abdominal pressure, which can lead to hypovolemia and hypotension. The body compensates by increasing the heart rate to maintain cardiac output and perfusion.
Choice B rationale: This is not directly related to paracentesis and may indicate other conditions.
Choice C rationale: This is not directly related to paracentesis and may indicate other conditions.
Choice D rationale: This is not directly related to paracentesis and may indicate other conditions.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale: This patient is likely experiencing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). Rapid administration of IV fluids is crucial to correct severe dehydration associated with HHS.
Choice B rationale: Routine insulin therapy and exercise might be components of diabetes management but wouldn't directly address the immediate concern of severe dehydration and high blood glucose.
Choice C rationale: Cardiac monitoring for potassium changes might be necessary but isn't the primary immediate intervention for HHS.
Choice D rationale: Administering a different antibiotic for the UTI is incorrect, because there is no evidence that the current antibiotic is ineffective or causing adverse effects. The UTI may have triggered the HHS, but it is not the main problem that needs to be addressed urgently.
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