A-55-year old male patient is admitted with a massive GI bleed. The patient is at risk for what type of acute kidney injury?
refer to a condition where significant urinary tract obstruction which in severe or long- standing cases can yield to backup of urine into the kidneys
refer to a condition when direct damage to the kidneys causes a sudden loss in kidney function.
refer to a condition in which the kidneys stop functioning due to internal kidney disease.
refer to a condition in which kidney blood flow may become significantly reduced include those in which a significant amount of fluid has been lost.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale: This refers to postrenal AKI, which is caused by an obstruction in the urinary tract that prevents urine from leaving the body.
Choice B rationale: This refers to AKI in general and is not specific compared to choice D.
Choice C rationale: This refers to intrinsic AKI, which is caused by damage to the kidney tissue or cells from various causes, such as inflammation, infection, toxins, or ischemia.
Choice D rationale: This is correct because it is pre-renal AKI, a condition in which kidney blood flow may become significantly reduced, including cases where a significant amount of fluid has been lost. This situation suggests potential hypovolemia (low blood volume) due to the massive GI bleed, which can lead to reduced kidney blood flow and subsequent acute kidney injury.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Used in the management of hepatic encephalopathy by reducing the production of ammonia in the gut.
Choice B rationale: Often prescribed to reduce ammonia levels in hepatic encephalopathy by promoting bowel movements and aiding ammonia excretion. Choice C rationale: Typically used in managing ascites by reducing fluid retention and treating edema.
Choice D rationale: This medication can potentially worsen hepatic encephalopathy due to its sedative effects and impact on mental function. It's crucial to clarify its use in a patient with hepatic encephalopathy.

Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Anterior spinal artery syndrome is caused by ischemia of the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord, resulting in loss of motor function and pain and temperature sensation below the level of the lesion.
Choice B rationale: This is a condition that occurs when the nerve roots in the lower end of the spinal cord are compressed, causing symptoms such as lower back pain, sciatica, saddle anesthesia, bladder and bowel dysfunction, and sexual dysfunction.
Choice C rationale: Horner's syndrome is caused by damage to the sympathetic nerve fibers in the neck or chest, resulting in drooping eyelid, constricted pupil, and lack of sweating on one side of the face.
Choice D rationale: Brown-Séquard syndrome is caused by hemisection of the spinal cord, resulting in ipsilateral loss of motor function and proprioception and contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation below the level of the lesion.
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