A client comes to a primary care provider's office for a follow-up on their gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The provider has decided to screen the client for Barrett esophagus due to the patient struggling with symptoms for many years. The nurse should provide instruction on which diagnostic procedure?

MRI

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

Colonoscopy

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: MRI is not a diagnostic procedure for Barrett esophagus. MRI is a type of imaging test that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed pictures of the internal organs and tissues. It is mainly used to diagnose problems in the brain, spine, joints, and blood vessels.

Choice B reason: EGD is a diagnostic procedure for Barrett esophagus. EGD is a type of endoscopy that uses a flexible tube with a light and a camera to examine the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. It can detect changes in the lining of the esophagus that may indicate Barrett esophagus, a condition where the normal squamous cells are replaced by columnar cells due to chronic acid exposure.

Choice C reason: Colonoscopy is not a diagnostic procedure for Barrett esophagus. Colonoscopy is a type of endoscopy that uses a flexible tube with a light and a camera to examine the colon and rectum. It is mainly used to screen for colorectal cancer and polyps, as well as to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease and other conditions affecting the lower gastrointestinal tract.

Choice D reason: CT scan is not a diagnostic procedure for Barrett esophagus. CT scan is a type of imaging test that uses X-rays and a computer to create cross-sectional pictures of the body. It is mainly used to diagnose problems in the chest, abdomen, pelvis, and bones.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is not a correct sign of hypervolemia. Increased thirst and dry mucous membranes are signs of dehydration or fluid volume deficit, which can occur due to excessive fluid loss or inadequate fluid intake.

Choice B reason: This is not a correct sign of hypervolemia. Low blood pressure and increased heart rate are signs of hypovolemic shock, which can occur due to severe fluid loss or hemorrhage.

Choice C reason: This is a correct sign of hypervolemia. Difficulty breathing and weight gain are signs of fluid overload, which can occur due to excessive fluid retention or impaired cardiac function. Difficulty breathing can be caused by pulmonary edema, which is the accumulation of fluid in the lungs. Weight gain can be caused by the increase in total body fluid.

Choice D reason: This is not a correct sign of hypervolemia. Dry cough and poor skin turgor are signs of dehydration or fluid volume deficit, which can occur due to excessive fluid loss or inadequate fluid intake.

A. Hypotension B. Bradycardia C. Peripheral edema D. Weight loss

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is not a correct finding for hypervolemia. Hypotension is a low blood pressure, which can be caused by hypovolemia (low blood volume) or other factors. Hypervolemia is an excess of fluid in the body, which can increase the blood pressure.

Choice B reason: This is not a correct finding for hypervolemia. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate, which can be caused by heart block, medication, or other factors. Hypervolemia can cause tachycardia (fast heart rate) as the heart tries to pump the excess fluid.

Choice C reason: This is a correct finding for hypervolemia. Peripheral edema is a swelling of the extremities due to fluid accumulation in the tissues. Hypervolemia can cause peripheral edema as the fluid leaks from the blood vessels into the interstitial spaces.

Choice D reason: This is not a correct finding for hypervolemia. Weight loss is a decrease in body weight, which can be caused by dehydration, malnutrition, or other factors. Hypervolemia can cause weight gain as the body retains more fluid.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is discussing early signs of hypervolemia with a patient admitted with congestive heart failure. Which signs should the nurse include in their teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing hypervolemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for an adult client who has a fever of 39.4°C (103°F) and is receiving 0.9% sodium chloride IV at 125 mL/hr. Over the last hour, the nurse notes that the client's urine output is 20 mL. The nurse should report this finding to the provider and anticipate a prescription for what?

A nurse is caring for a client who has cholecystitis with cholelithiasis and obstruction of the common bile duct. The nurse should expect the client's urine to appear which of the following colors?

A client with obesity is prescribed orlistat for weight loss. The client asks the nurse, "I understand the medication prevents digestion of fat, but what side effects does this cause?" Which of the following responses by the nurse are correct? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

A client with rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis has been prescribed adalimumab, a biologic agent that blocks tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

The nurse is providing care for a client with a fluid imbalance. The nurse explains that in the body, areas with high concentration of solutes naturally and passively shift to areas of lower concentration. The nurse is describing which process?

A nurse is assessing four female clients for obesity. Which of the following clients have manifestations of obesity?

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who sustained a head injury and hypovolemia. The nurse notes the client's IV fluids are infusing at 125 mL/hr. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse before calling the physician to clarify the order?