A severely dehydrated client has come in for rapid administration of IV fluids. Which of the following solutions is the best solution for rapid infusion?
Normal Saline
1/2 Normal Saline
D5W (5% Dextrose in Water)
D5 1/2 Normal Saline
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This is a correct answer because normal saline is an isotonic solution, which means it has the same osmolarity as the blood plasma. It does not cause any fluid shifts between the intracellular and extracellular compartments, and it can help restore the fluid balance and the blood pressure of the dehydrated client.
Choice B reason: This is not a correct answer because 1/2 normal saline is a hypotonic solution, which means it has a lower osmolarity than the blood plasma. It causes fluid to shift from the extracellular to the intracellular compartment, which can lead to cellular swelling and edema. It is not suitable for rapid infusion, as it can cause hemolysis and hypotension.
Choice C reason: This is not a correct answer because D5W (5% Dextrose in Water) is an isotonic solution when it is in the IV bag, but it becomes hypotonic once it enters the body, as the dextrose is rapidly metabolized and only water remains. It causes fluid to shift from the extracellular to the intracellular compartment, which can lead to cellular swelling and edema. It is not suitable for rapid infusion, as it can cause hemolysis and hypotension.
Choice D reason: This is not a correct answer because D5 1/2 normal saline is a hypertonic solution, which means it has a higher osmolarity than the blood plasma. It causes fluid to shift from the intracellular to the extracellular compartment, which can lead to cellular shrinkage and dehydration. It is not suitable for rapid infusion, as it can cause hypernatremia and fluid overload.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Sudden abdominal pain is a sign of gastrointestinal perforation, which is a life-threatening complication of peptic ulcer disease. It occurs when the ulcer erodes through the wall of the stomach or duodenum, causing leakage of gastric contents into the peritoneal cavity. This causes inflammation, infection, and peritonitis.
Choice B reason: Hyperactive bowel sounds are not indicative of gastrointestinal perforation. They may be present in other conditions, such as gastroenteritis, intestinal obstruction, or diarrhea.
Choice C reason: Bradycardia is not indicative of gastrointestinal perforation. It may be caused by other factors, such as vagal stimulation, medication side effects, or cardiac disorders.
Choice D reason: Decreased blood pressure is not indicative of gastrointestinal perforation. It may be a result of other causes, such as hypovolemia, shock, or dehydration.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not a correct answer because intracorporeal lithotripsy is a procedure that uses a laser or an ultrasonic probe to break up gallstones inside the gallbladder or the bile ducts. It is not a preferred treatment for cholecystitis, as it does not remove the inflamed gallbladder.
Choice B reason: This is a correct answer because laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a surgery that removes the gallbladder through small incisions in the abdomen. It is the preferred treatment for cholecystitis, as it eliminates the source of inflammation and prevents further complications.
Choice C reason: This is not a correct answer because extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a procedure that uses shock waves to break up gallstones outside the body. It is not a preferred treatment for cholecystitis, as it does not remove the inflamed gallbladder and may not be effective for all types of gallstones.
Choice D reason: This is not a correct answer because methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) infusion is a procedure that uses a chemical solvent to dissolve gallstones inside the gallbladder. It is not a preferred treatment for cholecystitis, as it does not remove the inflamed gallbladder and may cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and liver damage.
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