A client comes into the emergency room with complaints of an enlarged tongue. The tongue appears smooth and beefy red in color. The nurse also observes a 5-cm incision on the upper left quadrant of the abdomen. When questioned, the patient states, "I had a partial gastrostomy 2 years ago." Based on this information, the nurse attributes these symptoms to which of the following problems?
Vitamin A deficiency
Folic acid deficiency
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Vitamin C deficiency
The Correct Answer is C
A. Vitamin A Deficiency:
Symptoms: Enlarged tongue and smooth, beefy red appearance.
Relevance: Vitamin A deficiency is not typically associated with an enlarged tongue. It is more commonly linked to night blindness and skin issues.
B. Folic Acid Deficiency:
Symptoms: Enlarged tongue and smooth, beefy red appearance.
Relevance: Folic acid deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anemia and glossitis (inflammation of the tongue), which may present as an enlarged, smooth, and red tongue.
C. Vitamin B12 Deficiency:
Symptoms: Enlarged tongue and smooth, beefy red appearance.
Relevance: Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause pernicious anemia and glossitis, resulting in an enlarged, smooth, and red tongue.
D. Vitamin C Deficiency:
Symptoms: Not typically associated with an enlarged tongue.
Relevance: Vitamin C deficiency is more commonly associated with symptoms like scurvy, which includes bleeding gums, joint pain, and skin issues, but not specifically an enlarged tongue.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A.Regular insulin typically begins to take effect 30 minutes after administration. Administering insulin at the time of the meal (1645) would not allow enough time for the insulin to reach its onset of action, potentially resulting in the blood glucose level being high during the meal.
B.Regular insulin has an onset of action of 30 minutes. By administering the insulin at 1615, it will start to take effect by 1645, when the meal arrives, and help ensure the insulin action aligns with the meal, preventing postprandial hyperglycemia.
C.Administering insulin at 1545 would be too early and could lead to the insulin peaking before the meal, which could result in hypoglycemia if the insulin peak occurs before the patient has food to absorb the glucose.
D.Administering insulin at 1600 would result in the insulin starting to work too soon, with the onset happening before the meal and possibly leading to hypoglycemia if the insulin peaks before the meal is consumed.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]
Explanation
A. Buffalo hump:
Explanation: A buffalo hump is associated with excess cortisol, which is not a typical manifestation of Addison's disease. Instead, patients with Addison's disease may experience weight loss and muscle wasting.
B. Hyponatremia:
Explanation: Correct. Hyponatremia (low sodium levels) can occur in Addison's disease due to the loss of aldosterone, which plays a role in sodium and water balance.
C. Decreased glucose level:
Explanation: Correct. Addison's disease can lead to hypoglycemia (low blood glucose levels) because cortisol, which is important for maintaining blood glucose, is deficient.
D. Weight gain:
Explanation: Weight gain is not a typical manifestation of Addison's disease. Instead, weight loss and muscle wasting may occur.
E. Craving for salt:
Explanation: Correct. Addison's disease can lead to salt craving, as aldosterone deficiency results in increased sodium loss and potassium retention.
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