A client being admitted to the cardiac care unit complains of dyspnea on exertion and fatigue. His ECG demonstrates dysrhythmias associated with left ventricular hypertrophy. Which of the following diagnostic tools would be the most helpful in diagnosing cardiomyopathy?
Echocardiogram
Arterial blood gases
Swan-Ganz analysis
Cardiac catheterization
The Correct Answer is A
A. An echocardiogram is the most helpful noninvasive tool for diagnosing cardiomyopathy. It provides detailed information about chamber size, wall motion, ventricular function, and left ventricular hypertrophy, all of which are essential in evaluating cardiomyopathy.
B. Arterial blood gases (ABGs) assess oxygenation and acid-base balance but do not provide structural or functional cardiac details.
C. Swan-Ganz analysis (pulmonary artery catheter) can measure pressures in the heart but is invasive and typically used for hemodynamic monitoring, not initial diagnosis.
D. Cardiac catheterization can show coronary anatomy and pressures, but it is not the first-line test for evaluating cardiomyopathy unless ischemic disease is suspected.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. High-quality CPR with minimal interruptions is the cornerstone of asystole management. Asystole is a non-shockable rhythm, so maintaining perfusion through effective chest compressions and administering appropriate medications (like epinephrine) is essential.
B. Cessation of resuscitation efforts after only 2 minutes is inappropriate; the decision to stop should be based on the clinical scenario and response to interventions over time.
C. Narcan (naloxone) is used for opioid overdose, not for treating asystole unless there is a suspected opioid-related cause—and it does not directly restore electrical cardiac rhythm.
D. Defibrillation is not indicated in asystole, as it is a non-shockable rhythm. Continuous defibrillation is ineffective and inappropriate.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"A"}
Explanation
The nurse should monitor the client for pneumothorax and lead dislodgement following permanent pacemaker placement.
Rationale
Pneumothorax: The procedure involves central venous access, often via the subclavian vein, which increases the risk of puncturing the pleura and causing a pneumothorax. Signs include:
Lead dislodgement: Movement or tension on the pacing lead can result in loss of pacemaker capture or failure to pace effectively. This is a priority during the first 24 hours. Indicators include:
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