What are the pathophysiologic changes that place a client who has suffered a myocardial infarction at risk for cardiogenic shock?

Decreased cardiac output and increased MAP

Decreased cardiac output and decreased MAP

Increased cardiac output and increased afterload

Increased cardiac output and increased MAP

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Decreased cardiac output with increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) does not typically occur in cardiogenic shock. In shock states, MAP tends to decrease.
B. Decreased cardiac output and decreased MAP are the hallmark pathophysiologic changes in cardiogenic shock following a myocardial infarction. The damaged myocardium cannot pump effectively, leading to poor perfusion and hypotension.
C. Increased cardiac output and increased afterload are not features of cardiogenic shock; in fact, cardiac output is decreased.
D. Increased cardiac output and increased MAP suggest improved perfusion, not the compromised state seen in cardiogenic shock.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is the correct sequence of normal electrical conduction through the heart: the impulse originates in the sinoatrial (SA) node, travels to the atrioventricular (AV) node, then to the bundle of His, down the right and left bundle branches, and finally through the Purkinje fibers.
B. This choice places the Purkinje fibers before the bundle branches, which is incorrect.
C. The AV node does not initiate conduction; the SA node is the natural pacemaker of the heart.
D. This sequence incorrectly places the bundle branches before the bundle of His.

A. The view of the electrical current changes in relation to the lead placement. B. Conduction of the heart differs with lead placement. C. Electrocardiogram (ECG) equipment has malfunctioned. D. The circadian rhythm has changed.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The view of the electrical current changes in relation to the lead placement – Each ECG lead offers a different angle or view of the heart's electrical activity, so the waveforms in leads I, II, and III naturally look different. This variation helps clinicians assess different parts of the heart.
B. Conduction of the heart differs with lead placement – The heart's electrical conduction system functions independently of lead placement; only the view of the conduction changes.
C. Electrocardiogram (ECG) equipment has malfunctioned – Lead differences are expected and normal; this is not a sign of malfunction.
D. The circadian rhythm has changed – Circadian rhythms affect general physiological patterns but do not cause variation in ECG lead appearance.

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What are the pathophysiologic changes that place a client who has suffered a myocardial infarction at risk for cardiogenic shock?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a beginning ECG class to staff nurses. As the nurse begins to discuss the parts of the ECG complex, one of the students asks what the normal order of conduction through the heart is. The correct response would be which of the following?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse notes that leads I, II, and III differ from one another on the cardiac rhythm strip because:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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