A client is receiving an initial dose of penicillin IV. During the infusion, the client becomes short of breath. What is the first thing the nurse should do?

Increase the head of the bed.

Place the patient in a recovery position.

Stop the infusion of the medication.

Slow down the infusion of the medication.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Increasing the head of the bed may help ease breathing but does not address the potential cause of the problem.
B. The recovery position is used for unconscious patients to maintain an open airway—not appropriate here.
C. Stopping the infusion of the medication is the first and most critical action. The client is likely experiencing an allergic reaction or anaphylaxis to penicillin, and continuing the drug could worsen symptoms.
D. Slowing the infusion does not prevent further reaction and delays stopping the exposure to the allergen.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A heart rate of 160/min is more indicative of the progressive stage of shock, where compensation begins to fail.
B. Blood pressure 115/68 mmHg is within normal limits and reflects the compensatory stage, where the body maintains perfusion through mechanisms like increased heart rate and vasoconstriction.
C. Hypokalemia is not a typical finding in the compensatory stage; electrolyte shifts are more pronounced in later stages.
D. Mottled skin is a sign of poor perfusion, typically seen in the progressive or irreversible stages of shock.

A. Mitral valve prolapse B. Aortic regurgitation C. Mitral regurgitation D. Mitral stenosis

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Mitral valve prolapse often requires no treatment or is managed with medications; balloon valvuloplasty is not typically used.
B. Aortic regurgitation usually requires surgical valve replacement rather than valvuloplasty.
C. Mitral regurgitation involves backward blood flow and is generally treated with valve repair or replacement, not balloon valvuloplasty.
D. Mitral stenosis is most commonly treated with balloon valvuloplasty, especially in clients with rheumatic heart disease. This procedure helps open a narrowed mitral valve by inflating a balloon within the valve to improve blood flow.

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A client is receiving an initial dose of penicillin IV. During the infusion, the client becomes short of breath. What is the first thing the nurse should do?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is in the compensatory stage of shock. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse caring for a client who is scheduled for a balloon valvuloplasty recalls that balloon valvuloplasty is most commonly used for which valvular heart disease?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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