A client admitted with an acute exacerbation of Ménière's disease asks the student nurse why he was prescribed diphenhydramine. Which response by the student nurse requires correction by the primary nurse?
"Ménière's disease is caused by an allergic response."
"This medication can help offset the nauseous feeling."
"Anticholinergics will help you rest."
"This medication can help reduce vomiting episodes."
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because Ménière's disease is not caused by an allergic response. Ménière's disease is a disorder of the inner ear that causes vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. The exact cause of Ménière's disease is unknown, but it may be related to fluid imbalance, infection, trauma, or autoimmune reaction.
Choice B Reason: This is correct because diphenhydramine can help offset the nauseous feeling. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that blocks histamine receptors in the brain and inner ear, which can reduce nausea and vomiting associated with vertigo.
Choice C Reason: This is correct because anticholinergics will help you rest. Anticholinergics are a class of drugs that block acetylcholine receptors in the brain and body, which can have sedative effects and reduce motion sickness. Diphenhydramine has anticholinergic properties.
Choice D Reason: This is correct because diphenhydramine can help reduce vomiting episodes. As mentioned above, diphenhydramine can reduce nausea and vomiting by blocking histamine receptors in the brain and inner ear.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason: Colorectal cancer is not likely to cause nausea with projectile vomiting or high-pitched sounds in the left upper quadrant. Colorectal cancer may cause symptoms such as rectal bleeding, change in bowel habits, abdominal pain, or weight loss.
Choice B Reason: Paralytic ileus is a condition where the bowel stops working and does not contract or move food along. Paralytic ileus may cause symptoms such as abdominal distension, absence of bowel sounds, constipation, or vomiting.
Choice C Reason: Large bowel obstruction is a blockage of the colon or rectum that prevents the passage of stool. Large bowel obstruction may cause symptoms such as abdominal distension, low-pitched sounds in the right lower quadrant, constipation, or ribbon-like stools.
Choice D Reason: Small bowel obstruction is a blockage of the small intestine that prevents the passage of food and fluids. Small bowel obstruction may cause symptoms such as nausea with projectile vomiting, high-pitched sounds in the left upper quadrant, abdominal cramps, or dehydration.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason: This is incorrect because full vision loss in one eye does not necessarily mean that the person is legally blind. Legal blindness depends on the visual acuity and visual field of both eyes.
Choice B Reason: This is correct because legal blindness is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as having a visual acuity of 20/200 or worse in the better eye with the best possible correction, such as glasses or contact lenses. This means that the person can see at 20 feet what a normal person can see at 200 feet.
Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because inability to see clearly from 200 feet away without corrective lenses may indicate nearsightedness or myopia, but not legal blindness. Nearsightedness can be corrected with lenses or surgery.
Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because bilateral visual impairment of 20/60 or greater does not meet the criteria for legal blindness. Visual impairment is defined by WHO as having a visual acuity of less than 20/60 but better than 20/200 in the better eye with the best possible correction.
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