A 27-year-old male is taking an anticholinergic drug as adjunctive therapy to treat his peptic ulcer disease. The client comes to the clinic and tells the nurse that he "feels his heart beating." What adverse effect is the client experiencing from the anticholinergic medication?
Urinary Frequency
Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Hypotension
The Correct Answer is B
B) Tachycardia:
Anticholinergic drugs, by blocking the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors, can lead to increased sympathetic activity, resulting in tachycardia. Acetylcholine normally acts to moderate heart rate via vagal stimulation, so blocking its effects with anticholinergic medications can lead to an unopposed sympathetic response, causing an increase in heart rate.
A) Urinary Frequency:
Anticholinergic drugs typically cause urinary retention rather than urinary frequency. By blocking muscarinic receptors in the bladder, these medications can lead to decreased bladder contractility and urinary retention. Urinary frequency is not a common adverse effect of anticholinergic drugs.
C) Tachypnea:
Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, is not a typical adverse effect of anticholinergic medications. While anticholinergic drugs can affect respiratory secretions and cause drying of mucous membranes, leading to potential respiratory issues, tachypnea specifically is not commonly associated with their use.
D) Hypotension:
Anticholinergic drugs are more likely to cause hypertension rather than hypotension. By blocking the parasympathetic nervous system, these medications can lead to sympathetic dominance, resulting in increased blood pressure. Hypotension is not a typical adverse effect of anticholinergic drugs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["675"]
Explanation
1. Convert client weight from pounds to kilograms (kg):
We know 1 kg = 2.205 pounds.
Client weight (kg) = 198 lb / 2.205 lb/kg = 90 kg (round to nearest whole number for this calculation).
2. Calculate the total daily dosage:
Prescribed dosage per kg per day: 15 mg/kg/day
Client weight (kg): 90 kg (rounded value from step 1)
Total daily dosage (mg): Dosage (mg/kg/day) x Client weight (kg)
Total daily dosage (mg): 15 mg/kg/day x 90 kg = 1350 mg/day
3. Since the dosage is divided equally every 12 hours, calculate the amount per dose:
Frequency of administration: Every 12 hours
Total daily dosage (mg): 1350 mg/day
Dosage per dose (mg) = Total daily dosage (mg) / Frequency (doses/day)
Dosage per dose (mg) = 1350 mg/day / 2 doses/day
Dosage per dose (mg) = 675 mg/dose (round to nearest whole number as requested)
Therefore, the nurse should administer approximately 675 mg of vancomycin with each dose.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) "I should limit my fluid intake while taking this medication":
This statement is incorrect. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that increases urine production to reduce fluid overload in conditions like heart failure or edema. It is essential for clients taking furosemide to maintain adequate hydration to prevent dehydration. Therefore, the client should not limit their fluid intake while taking this medication.
B) "My blood pressure will increase while I am taking this medication":
This statement is incorrect. Furosemide is primarily used to reduce blood pressure by promoting diuresis and reducing fluid volume. Therefore, it is unlikely that blood pressure would increase while taking this medication.
C) "I should take this medication in the morning rather than at night":
This is the correct answer. Furosemide is usually taken in the morning to prevent nocturia (excessive urination at night), as it can increase urinary frequency. Taking it earlier in the day allows for better fluid balance during waking hours and reduces the need to wake up frequently during the night to urinate.
D) "I should eat a diet low in potassium while taking this medication":
This statement is incorrect. Furosemide can cause potassium depletion as a side effect, so clients may be advised to consume potassium-rich foods or supplements unless contraindicated due to other medical conditions. However, it is not necessary to eat a diet low in potassium while taking furosemide unless specifically instructed by a healthcare provider.
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