A 14-year-old patient visits the antepartal clinic because she has missed three menstrual periods.The patient is to have a pelvic examination.
In addition to explaining the procedure, which measure would best help reduce the patient’s anxiety?
Remind the patient that the examination will be less painful if she relaxes.
Remind the patient that this is a routine procedure for women who attend the clinic.
Remind the patient that the nurse will stay with her during the examination.
Remind the patient that the examination takes only a short time.
The Correct Answer is C
The correct answer is choice C. Remind the patient that the nurse will stay with her during the examination.
This measure would help reduce the patient’s anxiety by providing emotional support and reassurance.
The patient may feel scared, embarrassed, or vulnerable during the pelvic examination, especially since she is young and pregnant.
Having a trusted person with her can help her cope with these feelings.
Choice A is wrong because it may imply that the examination will be painful and increase the patient’s anxiety.
Choice B is wrong because it may make the patient feel like she is not being treated as an individual and that her concerns are not valid.
Choice D is wrong because it may make the patient feel rushed or pressured and not allow her to ask questions or express her feelings.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice D: To prevent her from having convulsions.Magnesium sulfate is a mineral that reduces seizure risks in women with preeclampsia, a condition of high blood pressure and protein in the urine during pregnancy.Magnesium sulfate can lower the cerebral perfusion pressure and prevent convulsions.However, magnesium sulfate does not affect the neonatal outcomes and can cause side effects such as respiratory depression.
Choice A is wrong because magnesium sulfate does not decrease blood pressure.It is used along with medications that help reduce blood pressure.
Choice B is wrong because magnesium sulfate does not decrease tidal volume.It can cause respiratory depression if the serum level is too high.
Choice C is wrong because magnesium sulfate does not prevent dehydration.It can cause fluid retention and pulmonary edema if given in excess.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice D. Wear a supportive bra.This will help suppress lactation and reduce the discomfort of engorgement.
The other choices are wrong because:
• Choice A. Manually express colostrum as necessary.This will stimulate milk production and prolong engorgement.
• Choice B. Apply hot compresses to the breasts.This will increase blood flow and swelling in the breasts and worsen engorgement.
• Choice C. Massage the breast tissue surrounding the areola.This will also stimulate milk production and prolong engorgement.
Normal ranges for breast engorgement are not applicable as it is a subjective experience that varies among women.However, some signs of engorgement include firm, tender, swollen breasts, flat or inverted nipples, and low-grade fever.Engorgement usually resolves within 24 to 36 hours after it begins.
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