You are working in an outpatient gastroenterology clinic when, during an elective colonoscopy, after hearing anesthesia say that they "lost track of how much Fentanyl was given," a patient requires frequent, vigorous stimulation in order to respond. You quickly realize that this patient is grossly over-sedated. A patient in this state is said to be:
Lethargic
Stuporous
Obtunded
Comatose
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Lethargy implies a state of sluggishness, drowsiness, or fatigue, not the inability to respond to stimuli.
Choice B reason: Stupor refers to a state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility, but the patient may respond to vigorous stimulation.
Choice C reason: Obtundation describes a state of consciousness characterized by a reduced alertness and a slow response to stimuli, but not complete unresponsiveness.
Choice D reason: Comatose is the correct term for a state of deep unconsciousness in which a patient cannot be aroused, fitting the description of the patient's condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason (acute renal failure): Patients recovering from acute renal failure are not typically restricted to only vegetable proteins. Protein needs can vary based on the individual's condition and treatment plan.
Choice B reason (acute renal failure): Fluid intake recommendations for patients recovering from acute renal failure depend on their current kidney function and fluid balance status. A blanket restriction to 1500 mL or less per day may not be appropriate for all patients.
Choice C reason (acute renal failure): Avoiding nephrotoxic drugs is crucial for patients recovering from acute renal failure to prevent further kidney damage.
Choice D reason (acute renal failure): Self-catheterization for residual urine is not a standard recommendation for all patients recovering from acute renal failure. This would be specific to patients with urinary retention issues.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Aspirin can irritate the stomach lining and increase acid reflux, worsening GERD symptoms. It is generally not recommended without consulting a healthcare provider.
Choice B reason : Mercury content in seafood is not directly linked to GERD. This statement is misleading and does not address known risk factors for GERD.
Choice C reason : Lying down after eating can indeed increase the onset of GERD as it allows stomach contents to flow back into the esophagus more easily.
Choice D reason : Alcohol and caffeine can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to rise into the esophagus and worsen GERD symptoms. Therefore, it is advisable to avoid or reduce their intake.
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