A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter.

The nurse notes that sediment is present in the urine.

Which of the following actions should the nurse take to obtain a sterile urine specimen?

The correct answer is b. “I can visit my nephew who has chickenpox 5 days after the sores have crusted.”

Choice A rationale:

• Statement:“I should take antibiotics when I have a virus.”
• Rationale:This statement is incorrect.Antibiotics are medications that fight bacteria,not viruses.Taking antibiotics when you have a virus will not help you get better and can actually lead to antibiotic resistance.

Choice B rationale:

• Statement:“I can visit my nephew who has chickenpox 5 days after the sores have crusted.”
• Rationale:This statement is correct.Chickenpox is a highly contagious virus that is spread through the air by coughing and sneezing.However,a person with chickenpox is no longer contagious once all of the sores have crusted over.This typically happens about 5 days after the rash first appears.

Choice C rationale:

• Statement:“I should wash my hands for 10 seconds with hot water after working in the garden.”
• Rationale:This statement is partially correct.Handwashing is an important way to prevent the spread of infection.However,the water does not need to be hot.Warm or cold water is just as effective.It is also important to wash your hands for at least 20 seconds,not 10 seconds.

Choice D rationale:

• Statement:“I can clean my cat’s litter box during my pregnancy.”
• Rationale:This statement is incorrect.Cat feces can contain a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii,which can cause a serious infection called toxoplasmosis.Toxoplasmosis can be harmful to a developing baby.It is best to avoid cleaning cat litter boxes during pregnancy.If you must clean the litter box,wear gloves and wash your hands thoroughly afterwards.

Herpes zoster is a contraindication for receiving acupuncture treatment because it is an infectious skin disorder that can be transmitted by needles or contact with the affected area. Acupuncture should not be performed on areas of skin that are inflamed, ulcerated, or have sensory deficits.
Choice A is wrong because hypertension is not a contraindication for acupuncture. However, some caution is advised when needling points that may lower blood pressure, such as LI 4, LI 11, ST 36, and SP 6.
Choice B is wrong because hypothyroidism is not a contraindication for acupuncture. In fact, some studies suggest that acupuncture may have beneficial effects on thyroid function and symptoms of hypothyroidism.
Choice C is wrong because obesity is not a contraindication for acupuncture.
Acupuncture may help with weight loss by regulating appetite, metabolism, and hormones.
Some of the absolute contraindications for acupuncture include pregnancy (especially certain points that may induce labor or abortion), medical and surgical emergencies, malignant tumors, bleeding disorders, and the use of a demand pacemaker. Some of the relative contraindications include drug or alcohol intoxication, lack of consent, immune deficiency, abnormal heart valves, and fear of needles.

Normal ranges for blood pressure are 120/80 mmHg or lower for systolic and diastolic pressure respectively.
Normal ranges for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L. Normal ranges for body mass index (BMI) are 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2.