Mr. T. W. is admited to your unit with a diagnosis of small bowel obstruction after swallowing a golf ball related to a freak golfing accident. Mr. T. W.'s urine output has been steadily decreasing, and pre-renal failure is suspected. Which of the following conditions would likely cause pre-renal failure?

Nephrotoxicity

Acute tubular necrosis

Hypovolemia

Acute Glomerulonephritis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Nephrotoxicity causes intrinsic renal failure due to direct damage to the renal parenchyma, not pre-renal failure.

Choice B reason: Acute tubular necrosis is a type of intrinsic renal failure resulting from damage to the renal tubules, not pre-renal failure.

Choice C reason: Hypovolemia is a common cause of pre-renal failure due to decreased blood ﬂow to the kidneys, leading to reduced urine output.

Choice D reason: Acute Glomerulonephritis is an intrinsic renal condition that aﬀects the glomeruli, not a pre-renal cause.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Level of consciousness is the most basic and sensitive indicator of altered brain function and is considered the most reliable indicator of neurologic status.

Choice B reason: Temperature is not a direct indicator of neurologic status and does not change as rapidly in response to neurologic events.

Choice C reason: Blood pressure can be aﬀected by neurologic changes, but it is not as sensitive or specific as the level of consciousness.

Choice D reason: Pulse rate is not a direct indicator of neurologic status and can be inﬂuenced by a variety of non- neurologic factors.

A. Pre-Renal B. Super-secret double renal failure C. Post-Renal D. Intra-Renal

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Pre-Renal failure is caused by factors external to the kidneys, typically involving reduced blood ﬂow or hydration aﬀecting kidney function. Gentamicin does not typically cause this type of failure.
Choice B reason : 'Super-secret double renal failure' is not a medically recognized type of renal failure.
Choice C reason : Post-Renal failure is due to obstruction of urine ﬂow from the kidneys, which is not typically associated with Gentamicin use.
Choice D reason : Intra-Renal failure, also known as intrinsic renal failure, is caused by direct damage to the kidneys themselves. Gentamicin can cause acute kidney injury due to its nephrotoxic eﬀects, leading to Intra-Renal failure.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The most reliable indicator of neurologic status is which of the following?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with severe sepsis related to an untreated rectal/vaginal fistula is admited to the ﬂoor. She has received two doses of Gentamicin. As luck would have it, she is now in acute renal failure. Which type of renal failure did the Gentamicin cause?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which action should the nurse take first when a patient is seen in the outpatient clinic with neck pain?

A nurse is caring for a client who has peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Which of the following symptoms should the nurse expect to find in the early stage of the disease?

A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis. Which of the following factors should the nurse anticipate have been identified as contributing to the development of multiple sclerosis? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is caring for a client who is going to have an intravenous pyelogram (IVP) using a contrast medium. Which of the following assessments by the nurse are of the highest priority?

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