Mr. T. W. is admited to your unit with a diagnosis of small bowel obstruction after swallowing a golf ball related to a freak golfing accident. Mr. T. W.'s urine output has been steadily decreasing, and pre-renal failure is suspected. Which of the following conditions would likely cause pre-renal failure?

Nephrotoxicity

Acute tubular necrosis

Hypovolemia

Acute Glomerulonephritis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Nephrotoxicity causes intrinsic renal failure due to direct damage to the renal parenchyma, not pre-renal failure.

Choice B reason: Acute tubular necrosis is a type of intrinsic renal failure resulting from damage to the renal tubules, not pre-renal failure.

Choice C reason: Hypovolemia is a common cause of pre-renal failure due to decreased blood ﬂow to the kidneys, leading to reduced urine output.

Choice D reason: Acute Glomerulonephritis is an intrinsic renal condition that aﬀects the glomeruli, not a pre-renal cause.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason (client care): A client reporting shortness of breath may be experiencing a life-threatening situation that aligns with the ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) of patient prioritization. This client requires immediate assessment and intervention.

Choice B reason (client care): While discharge is important, it does not take precedence over a client with potential respiratory distress.

Choice C reason (client care): A client who received pain medication 30 minutes ago is likely stable and can be seen after more urgent cases are addressed.

Choice D reason (client care): A client waiting for an abdominal x-ray is not a priority over a client with respiratory issues.

A. Place suction equipment at the bedside. B. Perform range of motion (ROM) exercises. C. Administer an expectorant. D. Encourage the use of incentive spirometry.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Placing suction equipment at the bedside is a preparatory measure but not a preventive intervention for pulmonary complications.

Choice B reason: Performing ROM exercises is beneficial for overall mobility but does not directly prevent pulmonary complications.

Choice C reason: Administering an expectorant may help clear secretions but is not the primary preventive measure for pulmonary complications.

Choice D reason: Encouraging the use of incentive spirometry is a proven intervention to prevent pulmonary complications by promoting lung expansion and preventing atelectasis, especially in patients with a history of smoking.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is prioritizing client care after receiving a change-of-shift report. Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to see first?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is developing a plan of care for an 80-year-old client who is postoperative. This client has a 38 pack-year smoking history. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan to prevent pulmonary complications?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing an educational session to colleagues on the unit regarding COPD. Which of the following options would the nurse provide regarding the associated risks of COPD?

Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a client with skeletal traction?

Which of the following indicate to the nurse that lactulose is eﬀective for an older adult who has advanced liver cirrhosis?

The nurse receives a patient from the emergency department following administration of a fibrinolytic medication, TPA, for a large anterior wall myocardial infarction. The priority assessment for this patient would be which of the following?

Vasoconstriction, sodium retention, and water reabsorption to increase circulating ﬂuid volume and cardiac output are the primary functions of:

An adult male with chronic anemia is experiencing increased fatigue and occasional palpitations at rest. Which laboratory data would the nurse identify as consistent with these symptoms?

Which action should the nurse take first when a patient is seen in the outpatient clinic with neck pain?

Which nursing intervention is important when providing care for a patient with sickle cell crisis?