Which term best describes sickle cell disease?
autosomal recessive disorder
X-linked genetic disorder
autosomal dominant disorder
inherited disorder
The Correct Answer is A
A. Sickle cell disease is classified as an autosomal recessive disorder. This means that a child must inherit two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) to express the disease. Individuals with one normal and one mutated gene are carriers (sickle cell trait) but do not exhibit symptoms.
B. X-linked genetic disorders are caused by mutations on the X chromosome and typically affect males more severely than females, as males have only one X chromosome. Sickle cell disease is not located on the X chromosome; therefore, it is not classified as X-linked.
C. In an autosomal dominant disorder, only one copy of the mutated gene is needed for an individual to express the disease. Sickle cell disease does not follow this inheritance pattern; it requires two copies of the mutated gene, which makes this classification inaccurate.
D. While sickle cell disease is indeed an inherited disorder, this term is broad and could apply to many genetic conditions. It describes the general nature of the disease but does not provide the specificity that "autosomal recessive disorder" does.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This action exemplifies nursing advocacy. Ensuring that a client has given informed consent means that the nurse is making sure the patient understands their treatment options, the risks involved, and the potential benefits.
B. While sharing experiences can be helpful, influencing a client’s decision based on the nurse's own experiences can compromise the client’s autonomy. Advocacy means supporting the patient in making their own informed choices rather than directing them toward a specific decision.
C. Discussing a client’s medical treatment with someone who is not part of the healthcare team or not authorized to receive that information violates patient confidentiality and privacy rights. Advocacy includes respecting the client’s right to privacy and not disclosing information without consent.
D. While nurses can provide education and information about treatment options, recommending specific surgical or treatment options is generally outside the scope of nursing practice. Advocacy involves helping clients understand their options and supporting them in their decisions, not directing them toward specific interventions.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Protamine is an antidote for heparin and is used to reverse anticoagulation effects. It is not relevant in the context of administering morphine, which is an opioid analgesic.
B. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that is specifically used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression caused by morphine. Having naloxone available is a critical safety measure when administering opioids, as it can quickly counteract the effects if the patient experiences severe sedation or respiratory distress.
C. Neostigmine is a medication used to treat myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of non- depolarizing neuromuscular blockers. It is not related to the administration of morphine and does not serve as a reversal agent for opioid effects.
D. Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepine sedation. It is not used for opioid reversal and would not be applicable in the context of morphine administration.
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