Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate when parents of a client recently diagnosed with Down syndrome express guilt about causing the condition?

"Down syndrome is a condition caused by an extra chromosome; the cause of it is unknown."

"Down syndrome is a condition that is carried on the X chromosome, so it came from the mother."

"Down syndrome is caused by birth trauma, not by genetics."

"Down syndrome is a condition that is genetically transmitted from both the father and the mother."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: This response is the most appropriate as it correctly identifies Down syndrome as a genetic condition caused by an extra chromosome and acknowledges that the exact cause of the chromosomal abnormality is unknown.

Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect because Down syndrome is not carried on the X chromosome nor is it inherited from the mother alone.

Choice C reason: This statement is false; Down syndrome is not caused by birth trauma but is a genetic disorder.

Choice D reason: This choice is misleading; while genetics play a role in Down syndrome, it is not typically inherited from both parents in the way this choice suggests.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is: c. In an emergency, a court order can be obtained for the patient to receive blood transfusions.

Choice A: The patient can only receive blood that has been donated by family members.

Jehovah’s Witnesses refuse blood transfusions, including those from family members, due to their religious beliefs. They believe that both the Old and New Testaments command them to abstain from blood (Genesis 9:4; Leviticus 17:10; Deuteronomy 12:23; Acts 15:28, 29). Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Choice B: Under no circumstances will the patient receive blood products.

While Jehovah’s Witnesses generally refuse blood transfusions, there are exceptional circumstances where medical professionals can seek a court order to administer blood transfusions, especially in life-threatening situations involving minors. Thus, this statement is not entirely accurate.

Choice C: In an emergency, a court order can be obtained for the patient to receive blood transfusions.

In life-threatening emergencies, especially involving minors, courts can intervene and issue orders to administer necessary medical treatments, including blood transfusions, despite parental objections based on religious beliefs. This ensures the child’s right to life and health is protected. Therefore, this is the correct answer.

Choice D: The patient can receive volume expanders.

Volume expanders can be used to increase blood volume and maintain circulation, but they do not carry oxygen or replace lost blood cells. While they are an option for managing blood loss, they are not a substitute for blood transfusions in severe cases of anemia or blood loss, which are common in leukemia patients. Thus, this option is not entirely correct.

A. Take the child on a tour of the whole unit to familiarize with the surroundings. B. Admit the child to a four-bed room to allow interaction with peers. C. Orient the child to the hospital room. D. Take the child to the playroom immediately to participate in the arts and crafts activity.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Taking the child on a tour might be overwhelming and increase anxiety due to the new environment and sensory overload.

Choice B reason: Placing the child in a four-bed room could lead to overstimulation and discomfort due to the presence of multiple unfamiliar people.

Choice C reason: Orienting the child to the hospital room provides a safe and controlled environment, allowing for gradual adjustment to the new setting.

Choice D reason: Immediately taking the child to the playroom for arts and crafts might be too stimulating and could exacerbate stress rather than ease the transition.

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Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate when parents of a client recently diagnosed with Down syndrome express guilt about causing the condition?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A four-year-old patient has been diagnosed with leukemia. The patient's parents, who follow the Jehovah's Witness faith, inform the physician that they will not approve any type of blood transfusions. The pediatric nurse is aware that:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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