When developing a plan of care for a hospitalized child, the nurse knows that children in which age group are most likely to view illness as a punishment for misdeeds?

Choice A reason: While symptoms of infection are important to assess, they are not the immediate priority following vaccine administration.

Choice B reason: Anaphylaxis is a rapid, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur after vaccination, making it the priority assessment.

Choice C reason: Pain at the injection site is common and expected, but it is not as critical as assessing for anaphylaxis.

Choice D reason: Myalgia, or muscle pain, may occur after vaccination but is not the immediate priority for assessment.

Choice E reason: Hyperthermia, or elevated body temperature, could indicate an adverse reaction; however, anaphylaxis is the most urgent concern to address post-vaccination.

The correct answer is: c. In an emergency, a court order can be obtained for the patient to receive blood transfusions.

Choice A: The patient can only receive blood that has been donated by family members.

Jehovah’s Witnesses refuse blood transfusions, including those from family members, due to their religious beliefs. They believe that both the Old and New Testaments command them to abstain from blood (Genesis 9:4; Leviticus 17:10; Deuteronomy 12:23; Acts 15:28, 29). Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Choice B: Under no circumstances will the patient receive blood products.

While Jehovah’s Witnesses generally refuse blood transfusions, there are exceptional circumstances where medical professionals can seek a court order to administer blood transfusions, especially in life-threatening situations involving minors. Thus, this statement is not entirely accurate.

Choice C: In an emergency, a court order can be obtained for the patient to receive blood transfusions.

In life-threatening emergencies, especially involving minors, courts can intervene and issue orders to administer necessary medical treatments, including blood transfusions, despite parental objections based on religious beliefs. This ensures the child’s right to life and health is protected. Therefore, this is the correct answer.

Choice D: The patient can receive volume expanders.

Volume expanders can be used to increase blood volume and maintain circulation, but they do not carry oxygen or replace lost blood cells. While they are an option for managing blood loss, they are not a substitute for blood transfusions in severe cases of anemia or blood loss, which are common in leukemia patients. Thus, this option is not entirely correct.