Which of the following is of primary importance for a child who is admitted to the PICU for DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis)?
Ensure IV fluid replacement is a hypertonic solution.
Assess for cardiac arrest related to high potassium levels.
Monitor the child's vital signs for hypertension.
Administer intravenous NPH insulin in high doses.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: IV fluid replacement in DKA is typically isotonic, not hypertonic, to avoid rapid changes in osmolality.
Choice B reason: While monitoring for cardiac arrest is important, it is not the primary intervention; DKA often presents with low potassium levels that rise with treatment.
Choice C reason: Monitoring for hypertension is important, but the primary concern in DKA is managing the acidosis and hyperglycemia.
Choice D reason: This is the correct choice. Administering insulin is a key component of treating DKA to reduce blood glucose levels and reverse ketosis. NPH insulin is not typically used in the initial management of DKA; rapid-acting insulin is preferred. However, if NPH is mentioned in the context provided, it would be important to clarify the treatment protocol.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: A high-pitched cry can be a sign of distress in an infant, but it is not a specific indicator of increased intracranial pressure. It could be due to a variety of reasons, including discomfort, hunger, or other forms of distress.
Choice B reason: Decreased lower extremity movement could be a sign of a neurological issue, but it is not a direct indicator of increased intracranial pressure. It would require further evaluation to determine the cause.
Choice C reason: Excessive wet diapers are not typically associated with increased intracranial pressure. This symptom could be related to other conditions such as diabetes insipidus or excessive fluid intake.
Choice D reason: This is the correct choice. A bulging fontanel when crying is a classic sign of increased intracranial pressure in an infant. The fontanel, or soft spot on the baby's head, can bulge when there is increased pressure within the skull. This should be promptly evaluated by a healthcare professional.
Correct Answer is ["B","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Tripod positioning is a more severe sign, indicating increased work of breathing.
Choice B reason: This is one of the correct choices. Nasal flaring is a mild symptom of respiratory distress, indicating increased effort to breathe.
Choice C reason: Confusion is a more severe symptom, suggesting hypoxia affecting brain function.
Choice D reason: Cyanosis is a severe sign of respiratory distress, indicating poor oxygenation.
Choice E reason: This is one of the correct choices. Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, is a mild symptom of respiratory distress.
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