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Which of the following is a characteristic of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?

A.

Hypernatremia

B.

Increased urine output

C.

Decreased serum sodium levels

D.

Increased serum osmolality

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hypernatremia is not characteristic of SIADH; hyponatremia is more common.
B. Increased urine output is not seen in SIADH; rather, there is decreased urine output.
C. Decreased serum sodium levels (hyponatremia) are a key feature of SIADH due to excessive water retention.
D. Increased serum osmolality is not seen in SIADH; decreased serum osmolality is more characteristic.
 


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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Viral infections can trigger Guillain-Barré syndrome but are not the primary cause.
B. There is no strong evidence of genetic predisposition being the primary cause.
C. Guillain-Barré syndrome is primarily caused by an autoimmune response where the body's immune system attacks the peripheral nerves.
D. Trauma or injury is not the primary cause of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A balanced diet with adequate carbohydrates is important for managing Addison's disease; a low-carbohydrate diet is not recommended.
B. Restricting fluid intake is not appropriate for Addison's disease; adequate fluid intake is necessary.
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D. While daily weight monitoring is important, administering corticosteroids addresses the immediate risk of crisis.

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