Which of the following can trigger acute respiratory distress?
Inhaling toxic fumes
Severe lung infection
All of these can trigger acute respiratory distress syndrome
Aspirating stomach contents into the lungs
The Correct Answer is C
A. Inhaling toxic fumes can cause damage to the lungs and airways, leading to inflammation and fluid accumulation in the alveoli, triggering acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
B. Severe lung infections, such as pneumonia, can lead to ARDS due to widespread inflammation and fluid in the lungs, which impairs gas exchange.
C. All of these can trigger acute respiratory distress syndrome. ARDS can be caused by a variety of factors, including inhalation of toxic fumes, severe lung infections, and aspiration of stomach contents, all of which can lead to inflammation and damage to the lung tissue.
D. Aspirating stomach contents into the lungs can lead to aspiration pneumonia, which can cause ARDS due to the inflammatory response in the lungs.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Metabolic acidosis occurs when there is a deficit of bicarbonate (HCO3) in the blood, leading to a decrease in pH (below 7.35). A pH of 7.23 indicates acidosis, and the deficit of HCO3 supports a diagnosis of metabolic acidosis.
B. Respiratory acidosis is characterized by an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, which lowers pH. It is not associated with a bicarbonate deficit.
C. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an excess of bicarbonate or a loss of acid, leading to an elevated pH. It is the opposite of metabolic acidosis.
D. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by excessive exhalation of CO2, leading to an increase in pH, not a deficit of bicarbonate.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This option is incorrect because impaired sodium excretion by the kidneys does contribute to increased peripheral vascular resistance and hypertension.
B. Impaired sodium excretion by the kidneys can lead to fluid retention, which increases blood volume. This results in increased peripheral vascular resistance, a key factor in the development of hypertension.
C. Overstimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system typically causes a reduction in heart rate and vasodilation, which would generally lower blood pressure, not contribute to hypertension.
D. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure. Reduced secretion of renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone would not contribute to increased peripheral vascular resistance. In fact, these systems typically work to raise blood pressure when needed.
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