Which of the following are types of infections that can affect the ear? (Select All that Apply.)

Choice A Reason:
Hypotension is not typically a direct manifestation of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). In fact, increased ICP often leads to hypertension as part of Cushing's triad, which includes hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular respiration. Hypotension may indicate other issues such as shock or blood loss but is not a primary indicator of increased ICP.

Choice B Reason:
Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, is not a primary sign of increased ICP. While respiratory changes can occur with increased ICP, they are more likely to present as irregular breathing patterns rather than simply an increased rate. Tachypnea might be seen in conditions like anxiety, pain, or respiratory distress but is not a hallmark of increased ICP.

Choice C Reason:
Bilateral weakness of extremities can occur with increased ICP, especially if there is significant brain swelling or herniation affecting motor pathways. However, it is not the most immediate or specific sign. Other neurological deficits can also cause bilateral weakness, so it is not solely indicative of increased ICP.

Choice D Reason:
Decreased level of consciousness is a critical and primary sign of increased ICP. As pressure within the skull rises, it can compress brain structures and impair function, leading to altered mental status ranging from confusion to coma. Monitoring the level of consciousness is essential in assessing and managing patients with potential increased ICP.

Choice A Reason:
Monitoring the client for an elevated temperature is crucial because it can indicate an infection at the pin sites or other complications. Infections are a common risk with halo fixation devices due to the invasive nature of the pins.

Choice B Reason:
Ensuring the halo jacket is snug against the client's skin is incorrect. The halo jacket should fit properly but not be too tight, as this can cause skin breakdown and discomfort. There should be enough space to insert a flat hand between the vest and the skin.

Choice C Reason:
Providing range of motion to the client's neck is not appropriate for a client with a halo fixation device. The purpose of the halo is to immobilize the neck to allow for proper healing of cervical injuries. Any movement could jeopardize the stability of the injury.

Choice D Reason:
Removing the vest daily to inspect the client's skin integrity is incorrect. The halo vest should not be removed frequently as it is meant to provide continuous immobilization. Skin integrity can be monitored by checking the areas around the vest without removing it.