Which of the following is a complicated manifestation of infective endocarditis?
Reduced blood pressure
Osler's nodes
Clear lung sound
Increased appetite
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason:
Reduced blood pressure is not a specific complication of infective endocarditis. While hypotension can occur in severe cases due to septic shock, it is not a hallmark of the disease. Infective endocarditis primarily affects the heart valves and can lead to embolic events, heart failure, and other complications.
Choice B Reason:
Osler's nodes are a classic sign of infective endocarditis. These are painful, red or purple, raised lesions found on the hands and feet. They are caused by immune complex deposition and are indicative of the systemic nature of the infection. Their presence can help in the clinical diagnosis of infective endocarditis.
Choice C Reason:
Clear lung sounds are not a complication of infective endocarditis. In fact, clear lung sounds would generally indicate that there is no pulmonary involvement or congestion. Complications of infective endocarditis are more likely to involve the heart, kidneys, and other organs through embolic events.
Choice D Reason:
Increased appetite is not associated with infective endocarditis. Patients with this condition often experience symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and weight loss due to the chronic infection. Increased appetite would be an unusual finding and not related to the disease process.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
The range of 0.5-1 L/min is significantly lower than the normal cardiac output for adults. Such low values could indicate severe heart failure or other critical conditions where the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet the body's needs.
Choice B Reason:
A cardiac output of 10-12 L/min is higher than the normal range for adults at rest. This level of cardiac output might be seen during intense physical activity or in conditions like hyperthyroidism, where the heart pumps more blood to meet increased metabolic demands.
Choice C Reason:
The normal range for cardiac output in adults is typically between 4-6 L/min. This range represents the volume of blood the heart pumps per minute at rest, ensuring adequate perfusion of tissues and organs. Cardiac output can vary based on factors such as age, body size, and physical activity.
Choice D Reason:
A cardiac output of 15-20 L/min is extremely high and would generally be seen only during extreme physical exertion or in pathological conditions. Such high values are not typical for resting adults and indicate a state of increased cardiac demand.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Improved blood flow to surrounding tissues is generally a desired outcome of treating an aneurysm, not a complication. When an aneurysm is successfully treated, the goal is to restore normal blood flow and prevent the aneurysm from rupturing. Improved blood flow indicates that the treatment was effective and that the risk of complications has been minimized.
Choice B Reason:
Rupture leading to severe internal bleeding is a significant potential complication of a treated aneurysm. Even after treatment, there is a risk that the aneurysm could rupture, especially if the treatment was not entirely successful or if the aneurysm was particularly large or complex. A rupture can lead to life-threatening internal bleeding and requires immediate medical attention. This is why ongoing monitoring and follow-up care are crucial for patients who have had an aneurysm treated.
Choice C Reason:
Decreased risk of blood clot formation is another desired outcome rather than a complication. Treating an aneurysm often involves measures to prevent blood clots, such as using anticoagulant medications. A successful treatment should reduce the risk of clot formation, which can otherwise lead to complications like stroke or embolism.
Choice D Reason:
Reduced risk of infection is also a desired outcome of aneurysm treatment. Infection can be a complication of any surgical procedure, including those used to treat aneurysms. However, with proper surgical techniques and post-operative care, the risk of infection can be minimized. Therefore, a reduced risk of infection is not a complication but rather an indication of successful treatment and good medical practice.
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