Which laboratory test results should the nurse monitor in a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?
Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit.
Serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus.
Blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature.
Leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine.
The Correct Answer is B
A. While monitoring erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit is important in clients with ESRD due to the risk of anemia associated with kidney dysfunction, it is not the primary focus of monitoring for ESRD.
B. Clients with ESRD often experience electrolyte imbalances, including hyperkalemia (high potassium), hypocalcemia (low calcium), and hyperphosphatemia (high phosphorus). Monitoring these electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, bone
disease, and soft tissue calcifications.
C. While blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature are essential vital signs to monitor in all clients, they are not specific laboratory tests for monitoring ESRD. However, blood pressure monitoring is particularly important in ESRD due to the increased risk of hypertension and its associated complications.
D. Monitoring leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine levels is not typically a primary concern in clients with ESRD. Leukocyte and neutrophil levels may be monitored to assess for signs of infection, but they are not specific to ESRD. Thyroxine levels are typically monitored in clients with thyroid disorders, not ESRD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Maintaining nasal packing may be important post-hypophysectomy to prevent bleeding or cerebrospinal fluid leaks. However, in the context of Cushing's disease, ensuring oral hygiene is
paramount due to increased risk of infection, especially if the patient is on corticosteroid therapy, which suppresses the immune system.
B. Keeping the head of the bed at 30° helps prevent complications such as cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure. While this is important post-hypophysectomy, it's not specific to Cushing's disease or a priority over oral care.
C. Providing frequent mouth care is crucial in Cushing's disease due to increased cortisol levels leading to immunosuppression and susceptibility to infections. Additionally, glucocorticoid therapy can cause mucosal dryness and ulceration, necessitating meticulous oral hygiene.
D. Monitoring intake and output is essential postoperatively to assess fluid balance and renal function. While important, it's not the priority in this context compared to oral care, especially considering the risk of dehydration due to increased cortisol levels in Cushing's disease.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While a history of urinary tract infections is important to know for overall assessment and planning of care, it may not directly affect the decision to insert a urinary catheter unless there are specific concerns related to infection prevention.
B. The client's ability to increase fluid intake may be relevant to their overall hydration status and urinary function but is not directly related to the insertion of an indwelling urinary catheter.
C. This is the most important information to obtain because the nurse needs to ensure that the client does not have any allergies to antiseptic solutions that may be used during the catheter insertion procedure to prevent infection.
D. While the color, clarity, and odor of urine are important indicators of urinary health, they are not the most critical information to obtain prior to catheter insertion. However, assessing urine characteristics is important for ongoing monitoring of urinary function and potential
complications post-insertion.
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