Which laboratory results should the nurse closely monitor in a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

Serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus.

Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit.

Leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine.

Blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus: Correct! In end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the kidneys are unable to adequately filter waste products and maintain electrolyte balance.
Monitoring serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus levels is crucial as imbalances in these
electrolytes are common and can lead to serious complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, bone disorders, and muscle weakness.
B. Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit: While anemia is a common complication of ESRD, monitoring erythrocyte indices (such as erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit) is
important, but it is not specifically related to renal function monitoring.

C. Leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine: Monitoring leukocytes and neutrophils is important for assessing immune function and detecting infections, but it is not directly related to renal
function monitoring in ESRD Thyroxine monitoring is relevant for thyroid function, which is not typically affected by ESRD.
D. Blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature: Monitoring vital signs such as blood pressure,

heart rate, and temperature is important in overall client assessment, but it does not specifically address the need for monitoring electrolyte imbalances associated with ESRD These parameters may be affected by complications of ESRD, but the primary focus in ESRD monitoring is on
renal function and electrolyte balance.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Metformin should be taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects and to improve absorption.

B. Sliding scale insulin is not typically initiated at the start of metformin therapy; it is used when blood glucose levels are not controlled by oral medications alone.

C. Patients should be aware of the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia, as it can occur with metformin, especially when combined with other antidiabetic medications or significant

lifestyle changes.

D. Persistent polyuria can be a sign of uncontrolled diabetes, and patients should report this to their healthcare provider for further assessment.

E. Taking an additional dose of metformin for signs of hyperglycemia is not recommended; instead, patients should follow their healthcare provider's instructions for managing high blood sugar levels.

A. An abdominal binder can be worn daily to reduce the protrusion. B. This hernia is a normal variation that resolves without treatment. C. The quarter should be secured with an elastic bandage wrap. D. Restrictive clothing will be adequate to help the hernia go away.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. An abdominal binder can be worn daily to reduce the protrusion: This is not an appropriate intervention for an umbilical hernia in an infant. Abdominal binders are typically used for support after abdominal surgeries or to manage hernias in adults.

B. This hernia is a normal variation that resolves without treatment: Umbilical hernias are common in infants and typically resolve on their own without intervention by around 1 to 2 years of age. Reassuring the mother about the benign nature of the hernia is appropriate.

C. The quarter should be secured with an elastic bandage wrap: Taping a quarter over the umbilicus is not a recommended treatment for an umbilical hernia and could pose a choking hazard to the infant.

D. Restrictive clothing will be adequate to help the hernia go away: Restrictive clothing is not an effective treatment for umbilical hernias in infants and could potentially cause discomfort or complications.

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Which laboratory results should the nurse closely monitor in a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) receives a prescription for metformin 500 mg PO to Which on should the nurse include in this client's teaching plan? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A mother brings her 4-month-old son to the clinic with a quarter taped over his umbilicus, and tells the nurse the quarter is supposed to fix her child's hernia. Which explanation should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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