Which finding is the most common indication of esophageal cancer?
Epigastric pain during swallowing
Regurgitation
Progressive dysphagia
Weight loss
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Epigastric pain during swallowing can occur in esophageal cancer but is not the most common or specific symptom. It could be related to other conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or peptic ulcers.
Choice B reason: Regurgitation can be a symptom but is more commonly associated with GERD or other less serious esophageal conditions rather than being a primary indication of esophageal cancer.
Choice C reason: Progressive dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing that worsens over time, is the most common and specific symptom of esophageal cancer. It occurs as the tumor grows and gradually obstructs the esophagus, making swallowing increasingly difficult.
Choice D reason: Weight loss can occur in esophageal cancer but is not as specific as progressive dysphagia. It may be a secondary symptom resulting from difficulty swallowing and reduced food intake.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: The mouth serves as the portal of entry for hepatitis A when the virus is ingested through contaminated food or water. The portal of entry is the site through which the pathogen enters the body to initiate infection. In this case, consuming contaminated food allows the hepatitis A virus to enter the body through the mouth, leading to infection.
Choice B reason: The infectious agent is the pathogen responsible for causing the disease. In this scenario, the hepatitis A virus is the infectious agent. However, the question asks about the portal of entry, which is the mouth, not the infectious agent itself.
Choice C reason: A susceptible host is an individual who is vulnerable to infection due to factors like a weakened immune system or lack of prior immunity. While the client in the question is a susceptible host, the specific answer to the question is about the portal of entry, which is the mouth.
Choice D reason: The reservoir is the natural habitat or environment in which the pathogen lives and multiplies. For hepatitis A, common reservoirs include contaminated food and water. The reservoir is not the focus of this question; rather, it is asking about the portal of entry, which is the mouth.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: A purplish-colored stoma indicates compromised blood flow, which is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention to prevent tissue necrosis.
Choice B reason: A rosebud-like stoma orifice is a normal appearance for a healthy stoma and does not need to be reported.
Choice C reason: Some oozing of red drainage from a new stoma can be expected postoperatively and is generally not alarming unless it is excessive or persistent.
Choice D reason: A shiny, moist stoma indicates a healthy stoma and is expected; no need to report this finding.
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