When developing a teaching plan for a client with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, the nurse should explain that an increased thirst is an early sign of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which action should the nurse instruct the client to implement if this sign of DKA occurs?
Drink electrolyte fluid replacements.
Give a dose of regular insulin as prescribed.
Resume normal physical activity.
Measure urine output over the next 24 hours.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Drinking electrolyte fluid replacements may be necessary if the client is dehydrated due to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). However, addressing the increased thirst, which is a sign of DKA, should involve insulin administration to correct the underlying problem of high blood sugar.
Choice B rationale:
Giving a dose of regular insulin as prescribed is the most appropriate action to address increased thirst in a client with type 1 diabetes and early signs of DKA. Elevated blood sugar levels are the cause of the increased thirst, and insulin helps lower blood sugar levels.
Choice C rationale:
Resuming normal physical activity may not be advisable when a client is experiencing early signs of DKA. Strenuous physical activity can exacerbate hyperglycemia, and the primary focus should be on insulin administration and rehydration.
Choice D rationale:
Measuring urine output over the next 24 hours is important for monitoring hydration status in a client with DKA. However, the immediate priority is to address the increased thirst and hyperglycemia with insulin therapy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The nurse should instruct the client to sleep with an extra pillow under their head. This position, known as the semi-Fowler's position, elevates the upper body and head, which can help reduce shortness of breath and difficulty breathing while lying down at night. Propranolol, a non-selective beta-blocker, can cause bronchoconstriction in some individuals, especially those with a history of respiratory issues. Elevating the head can assist in improving lung expansion and reducing the sensation of breathlessness.
Choice B rationale:
Sleeping on their left side would not be the best option in this case. While sleeping on the left side is often recommended for individuals with certain cardiac conditions to improve blood flow and reduce pressure on the heart, it may not be as effective for alleviating the respiratory symptoms caused by propranolol. Elevating the head is a more appropriate intervention in this scenario.
Choice C rationale:
Sleeping on their right side is not the ideal choice either. While it can have benefits for individuals with certain cardiac conditions, it does not address the specific respiratory symptoms reported by the client. Elevating the head is a more targeted intervention to alleviate breathlessness associated with propranolol.
Choice D rationale:
Sleeping on their back may worsen the client's symptoms. Lying flat on the back can lead to increased pressure on the diaphragm, making it more challenging to breathe for individuals experiencing shortness of breath. Therefore, it is not the recommended position for this client.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Antihypertensive drugs typically work by reducing blood pressure through various mechanisms, such as dilating blood vessels, reducing blood volume, or affecting the heart's workload. They do not increase blood flow to the heart and kidneys.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer. Antihypertensive drugs work by affecting different aspects of the cardiovascular system, such as reducing blood vessel constriction (vasodilation), decreasing blood volume, or slowing the heart rate. By affecting these components, they can lower blood pressure.
Choice C rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Antihypertensive drugs can interact with other medications or supplements, potentially causing adverse effects or drug interactions. It's essential for the client to inform their healthcare provider of all medications and supplements they are taking to ensure safe and effective treatment.
Choice D rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Antihypertensive drugs do not cure hypertension but help control it. Clients need to understand that they will likely need to take these medications long-term to manage their blood pressure effectively.
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