When assessing lymph nodes on the face and neck, which of the following findings are concerning? Select all that apply.

Tender to the touch

Hard nodule

Measuring at 4 mm

Immovable

Non-palpable

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D

A.   Tenderness in lymph nodes is not necessarily concerning. It may be due to inflammation or infection, which can cause the lymph nodes to be tender as they react to the presence of pathogens. Tenderness alone is not always indicative of a serious condition.
B.   A hard lymph node is concerning because it may suggest malignancy or a chronic infection. Hard, firm, and rubbery nodes can be associated with cancers, such as lymphoma or metastasis from other cancers. Therefore, hard lymph nodes should be evaluated further.
C.   Lymph nodes up to 1 cm (10 mm) can be considered normal, depending on the location and individual characteristics of the patient. A 4 mm lymph node is typically not concerning, especially if it is non- tender and mobile. Larger nodes, especially those over 1 cm, are more concerning.
D.   Lymph nodes that are immovable or fixed to surrounding tissues are concerning and may suggest malignancy. Cancerous nodes tend to be harder, larger, and fixed in place, which makes them less mobile. Any immovable lymph node requires further investigation.
E.   Non-palpable lymph nodes are normal and generally not a concern. Lymph nodes that are not palpable typically do not signify a problem, as they may be too small to be felt or located deep within the tissues.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The nurse is legally obligated to report suspected child abuse according to mandatory reporting laws. This response directly addresses the nurse’s legal responsibility without providing unnecessary details to the parents.
B. Reporting the incident to a supervisor does not fully address the nurse's legal obligation, which is to report the abuse to the authorities.
C. It is inappropriate to defer to the provider in this case, as the nurse holds the legal responsibility to report the suspicion.
D. The nurse should not avoid the discussion but instead provide a clear, legal explanation for their actions.

A. “I should apply sunscreen prior to going outside, even in the winter months." B. I used to lie in the sun all the time, but now I know the tanning bed is a better option." C. "Because I'm dark-complexed. I won't have to worry about skin cancer." D. "My father was treated for melanoma, but skin cancer isn't related to genetics."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. UV rays from the sun can cause skin damage and contribute to skin cancer, even in the winter months when the sun may seem less intense. Sunscreen is necessary year-round, as UV radiation can still reach the skin through clouds and reflections from surfaces like snow or water.
B. Tanning beds are a significant risk factor for skin cancer, as they emit UVA and UVB radiation, both of which can damage the skin and increase the risk of melanoma and other types of skin cancer. The nurse should educate the client that tanning beds should be avoided.
C. While individuals with darker skin have a lower risk of developing skin cancer compared to those with lighter skin, they are still at risk for certain types of skin cancer, particularly melanoma. It's important for people of all skin tones to practice sun safety and undergo regular skin checks.

D. Skin cancer, particularly melanoma, has a genetic component, meaning those with a family history of melanoma are at a higher risk. A family history of skin cancer increases the risk, and the client should be encouraged to have regular skin exams and protect their skin from the sun.

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When assessing lymph nodes on the face and neck, which of the following findings are concerning? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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