When asked if there are any regulatory controls on herbal or dietary supplements, the nurse responds to the client by informing him that herbal and dietary supplements are regulated by the:
Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act
Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
Health and Human Services (HHS)
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA)
The Correct Answer is D
A. Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act:
The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) is a federal law that regulates the manufacturing, labeling, and distribution of food, drugs, cosmetics, and medical devices in the United States. While the FD&C Act does provide some regulatory authority over certain aspects of dietary supplements, such as labeling requirements and good manufacturing practices, it is not the primary law governing the regulation of herbal and dietary supplements.
B. Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations:
The Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), now known as The Joint Commission, is an independent, nonprofit organization that accredits and certifies healthcare organizations and programs in the United States. However, The Joint Commission is not responsible for regulating herbal and dietary supplements.
C. Health and Human Services (HHS):
The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is a cabinet-level executive branch department of the U.S. federal government. While HHS oversees various health-related agencies, including the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), it is not the primary regulatory authority for herbal and dietary supplements.
D. Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA):
The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 is the primary law that regulates herbal and dietary supplements in the United States. DSHEA defines dietary supplements, sets forth labeling requirements, establishes good manufacturing practices, and outlines the responsibilities of manufacturers and distributors of dietary supplements. Under DSHEA, dietary supplements are regulated as a category of food rather than as drugs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A.Goldenseal:
Goldenseal is a plant commonly used in herbal medicine, but it is not a drug that specifically inhibits bacterial beta-lactamase. While goldenseal may have antimicrobial properties, it is not typically used as a beta-lactamase inhibitor in the treatment of bacterial infections.
B. Ceftriaxone (Rocephin):
Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. While it is an effective antibiotic for treating a wide range of bacterial infections, it does not have beta-lactamase inhibitor properties. Instead, ceftriaxone is susceptible to degradation by beta-lactamase enzymes produced by certain bacteria.
C. Penicillin:
Penicillin is one of the earliest discovered and most widely used beta-lactam antibiotics. However, many bacteria have developed resistance to penicillin by producing beta-lactamase enzymes. Penicillin itself does not inhibit beta-lactamase; instead, it is often combined with beta-lactamase inhibitors to enhance its effectiveness against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.
D. Zosyn (piperacillin/tazobactam):
Zosyn is a combination antibiotic containing piperacillin, a broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic, and tazobactam, a beta-lactamase inhibitor. Tazobactam inhibits the action of beta-lactamase enzymes produced by bacteria, allowing piperacillin to exert its antibacterial effects without being degraded by beta-lactamase. Therefore, Zosyn is the correct answer as it contains a drug that inhibits bacterial beta-lactamase.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Penicillins:
Penicillins are a class of antibiotics commonly used to treat various bacterial infections. While they are generally well-tolerated and have a low incidence of adverse effects, they are not typically associated with cartilage toxicity or tendon rupture, including the Achilles tendon.
B. Fluoroquinolones:
Fluoroquinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics known for their effectiveness against a wide range of bacteria. However, they are associated with several significant adverse effects, including cartilage toxicity and tendon rupture. These adverse effects, particularly tendon rupture, are most commonly observed in weight-bearing tendons such as the Achilles tendon. Fluoroquinolones should be used cautiously, especially in populations at higher risk for tendon injuries.
C. Aminoglycosides:
Aminoglycosides are another class of antibiotics used to treat severe bacterial infections. While they have their own set of potential adverse effects, such as nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, they are not associated with cartilage toxicity or tendon rupture.
D. Sulfonamides:
Sulfonamides are antibiotics that inhibit bacterial growth by interfering with the synthesis of folate. While they can cause various adverse effects, including skin reactions and hematologic abnormalities, they are not associated with cartilage toxicity or tendon rupture.
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