Before administering cefazolin (Ancef), the nurse checks for a previous allergic reaction to:

Sulfonamides

Macrolides

Yeast

Penicillin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Sulfonamides:

Sulfonamides are a class of antibiotics that are structurally distinct from cephalosporins like cefazolin. Allergic reactions to sulfonamides do not necessarily indicate a risk of allergy to cefazolin. However, it's still important to assess for any previous allergic reactions to medications, including sulfonamides, as individuals can have multiple medication allergies.

B. Macrolides:

Macrolides are another class of antibiotics that are structurally different from cephalosporins. Allergic reactions to macrolides do not directly indicate an allergy to cefazolin. However, as with sulfonamides, it's crucial to assess for any history of allergic reactions to medications, including macrolides.

C. Yeast:

Yeast is not a class of antibiotics but rather a type of fungus. Allergic reactions to yeast are unrelated to cephalosporin antibiotics like cefazolin. Therefore, a history of allergic reactions to yeast does not suggest an allergy to cefazolin.

D. Penicillin:

This is the correct choice. Penicillins and cephalosporins share a similar beta-lactam ring structure. Individuals who have had allergic reactions to penicillin may have an increased risk of cross-reactivity with cephalosporins, including cefazolin. Therefore, it's crucial to assess for any previous allergic reactions to penicillin before administering cefazolin to avoid potential allergic reactions or adverse effects.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. By assessing the temperature every 4 hours:

Monitoring temperature every 4 hours is a common practice in hospitalized patients to detect fever, which could indicate an infection or an inflammatory response. However, this method does not directly assess the therapeutic blood levels of vancomycin. Fever alone does not provide specific information about the effectiveness or concentration of the antibiotic in the bloodstream.

B. By repeating a culture and sensitivity test on day 3:

Culture and sensitivity tests involve taking a sample from the patient (such as blood, urine, or sputum) and growing the microorganisms in a laboratory to identify the causative organism and determine its susceptibility to antibiotics. While this test is essential for identifying the appropriate antibiotic therapy initially, repeating it on day 3 does not directly monitor therapeutic blood levels of vancomycin. It also doesn't provide real-time information about the concentration of vancomycin in the bloodstream.

C. By obtaining drug peak and trough levels:

This choice involves measuring the highest (peak) and lowest (trough) concentrations of vancomycin in the bloodstream. Peak levels are typically measured about 1 hour after the completion of a vancomycin infusion, while trough levels are measured just before the next dose is administered. These measurements allow healthcare providers to ensure that the drug concentration remains within the therapeutic range to effectively treat the infection while minimizing the risk of toxicity.

D. By assessing for breathlessness:

Assessing for breathlessness is important for monitoring respiratory status, particularly in patients receiving vancomycin, as rare side effects like red-man syndrome or anaphylaxis can cause respiratory distress. However, this method does not directly monitor therapeutic blood levels of vancomycin.

Correct Answer is ["125"]

Explanation

To calculate the rate at which the IV pump should be set to deliver 3,000 mL of intravenous fluids over 24 hours, you would divide the total volume (3,000 mL) by the total time (24 hours):

Rate (mL/hr) = Total volume (mL) / Total time (hours)

Rate = 3,000 mL / 24 hours

Rate ≈ 125 mL/hr

Rounding to the nearest whole number, the IV pump should be set to deliver approximately 125 mL/hr.

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Before administering cefazolin (Ancef), the nurse checks for a previous allergic reaction to:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is the best method of monitoring therapeutic blood levels of vancomycin during therapy?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assisting with care of a client who has a prescription for 3,000 mL of intravenous fluids over the next 24 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round to the nearest whole number)

Correct Answer is ["125"]

Explanation

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