Mrs. Oza, age 69, has hypertension and has one functioning kidney. She loves chocolates and enjoys an alcoholic beverage twice a week. Her hobby is gardening and she goes for long walks despite having arthritis. Which one of the following pieces of information is likely to have the greatest significance if she is prescribed vancomycin?
She only has one functioning kidney
She remains outdoors for long periods of time
She has hypertension
She enjoys an alcoholic beverage twice a week
The Correct Answer is A
A. She only has one functioning kidney:
This choice is the most significant consideration when prescribing vancomycin to Mrs. Oza. Vancomycin is primarily eliminated from the body through the kidneys. Individuals with reduced kidney function, such as Mrs. Oza with only one functioning kidney, have a higher risk of vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity (kidney damage). Therefore, her renal status is crucial information for determining the appropriate dosage of vancomycin and monitoring for any signs of kidney impairment during treatment.
B. She remains outdoors for long periods of time:
While spending time outdoors for long periods may have implications for Mrs. Oza's overall health, it is not directly relevant to the prescription of vancomycin. This information may be important for considering sun exposure, hydration, and other factors related to her arthritis and general well-being, but it does not specifically impact the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of vancomycin.
C. She has hypertension:
Mrs. Oza's hypertension is a relevant medical condition to consider in her overall health management. However, hypertension alone does not directly affect the prescription of vancomycin. Hypertension may influence the choice of antihypertensive medications or other aspects of her medical care, but it does not have a direct impact on the renal clearance or potential nephrotoxicity of vancomycin.
D. She enjoys an alcoholic beverage twice a week:
While alcohol consumption can interact with certain medications and impact overall health, it is not the most significant consideration when prescribing vancomycin to Mrs. Oza. Moderate alcohol consumption is unlikely to directly affect the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of vancomycin. However, excessive alcohol intake may contribute to liver dysfunction, which could indirectly influence drug metabolism. Nonetheless, in Mrs. Oza's case, her reduced renal function is a more critical factor to consider when prescribing vancomycin.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
A.Recognizing the role of spirituality in health and healing:
Many CAM therapies acknowledge the importance of spirituality in health and healing. Spiritual well-being is considered an integral aspect of overall health in many CAM modalities. Practices such as meditation, yoga, and mindfulness often incorporate spiritual elements. Therefore, recognizing the role of spirituality in health and healing is a common characteristic of CAM therapies.
B. Focusing on treatment of the person as an individual:
One of the key principles of CAM therapies is treating the individual as a whole, taking into account physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual aspects of health. CAM practitioners often emphasize personalized care tailored to the unique needs and characteristics of each individual. Therefore, focusing on the treatment of the person as an individual is a common characteristic of CAM therapies.
C. Focusing only on physical health:
This statement is incorrect. Unlike conventional Western medicine, which primarily focuses on the physical aspects of health and disease, CAM therapies often take a holistic approach that considers the interconnectedness of the mind, body, and spirit. Therefore, CAM therapies typically address physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual aspects of health, rather than focusing solely on physical health.
D.Promotion of disease prevention, self-care, and self-healing:
Many CAM therapies emphasize the importance of disease prevention, self-care practices, and the body’s innate ability to heal itself. These therapies often encourage individuals to take an active role in maintaining their health and well-being through lifestyle modifications, stress management techniques, dietary changes, and other self-care practices. Therefore, promotion of disease prevention, self-care, and self-healing is a common characteristic of CAM therapies.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Keep the serum drug level within the therapeutic margin:
This is the correct goal of monitoring peak and trough levels during antibacterial therapy. The therapeutic margin refers to the range of drug concentrations in the bloodstream that achieves optimal therapeutic effects while avoiding toxicity. By monitoring peak and trough levels, healthcare providers can adjust the dosing regimen to maintain drug levels within this therapeutic margin.
B. Increase the therapeutic effect of the drug by gradually decreasing the drug dose:
This statement is incorrect. Monitoring peak and trough levels is not about increasing the therapeutic effect of the drug by gradually decreasing the drug dose. Instead, it's about ensuring that the drug levels are maintained within the appropriate therapeutic range to achieve optimal efficacy without causing adverse effects.
C. Provide maximum physical comfort to the patient:
Monitoring peak and trough levels is not primarily aimed at providing physical comfort to the patient. While optimizing drug therapy can contribute to improved clinical outcomes and patient well-being, the goal of monitoring these levels is specifically related to achieving therapeutic drug concentrations.
D. Treat the main disorder with no psychological distress to the patient:
This statement is unrelated to the goal of monitoring peak and trough levels during antibacterial therapy. While psychological distress may be a consideration in patient care, the primary goal of monitoring drug levels is to ensure therapeutic efficacy and safety.
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